वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-47, verse-30

नैतदौपयिकं राम यदिदं परितप्यसे ।
विषादयसि सीतां च मां चैव पुरुषर्षभ ॥३०॥

30. naitadaupayikaṃ rāma yadidaṃ paritapyase ,
viṣādayasi sītāṃ ca māṃ caiva puruṣarṣabha.

30. na etat aupayikam rāma yat idam paritapyase
viṣādayasi sītām ca mām ca eva puruṣa-ṛṣabha

30. rāma puruṣarṣabha yat idam paritapyase etat
na aupayikam ca sītām ca eva mām viṣādayasi

30. O Rama, O best among men, this suffering you are undergoing is not appropriate. You are distressing both Sita and me.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• एतत् (etat) - this (lamentation/suffering) (this, this (situation))

• औपयिकम् (aupayikam) - appropriate, suitable, useful

• राम (rāma) - Rama

• यत् (yat) - because (you are lamenting) (that which, because)

• इदम् (idam) - this (lamentation/suffering) (this, this (situation))

• परितप्यसे (paritapyase) - you lament, you suffer, you distress yourself

• विषादयसि (viṣādayasi) - you grieve, you cause to despond, you distress

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

• च (ca) - and

• माम् (mām) - Lakshmana himself (me)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

Note: Negates `aupayikam`.

एतत् (etat) - this (lamentation/suffering) (this, this (situation))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

औपयिकम् (aupayikam) - appropriate, suitable, useful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aupayika

aupayika - appropriate, suitable, useful, proper, conducive

Derived from `upāya` (means, approach).

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for `etat`.

राम (rāma) - Rama

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama, pleasing

Note: Direct address.

यत् (yat) - because (you are lamenting) (that which, because)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

Relative pronoun.

इदम् (idam) - this (lamentation/suffering) (this, this (situation))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

परितप्यसे (paritapyase) - you lament, you suffer, you distress yourself

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, Present (lat) of paritapyate

Passive/ātmanepada form

From root `tap` (to heat, suffer) with prefix `pari-`. `tap` in 4th class (dyadic) `tapyate` (passive/intransitive) or `tapati` (active). Here, middle voice.

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rama.

विषादयसि (viṣādayasi) - you grieve, you cause to despond, you distress

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Present (lat) of viṣādaya

Causative stem from root `sad` with prefix `vi-`.

Causative of `vi-sad` (to sink down, despond).

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Verb for "you".

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (wife of Rama, furrow)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

माम् (mām) - Lakshmana himself (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of `viṣādayasi`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

पुरुषर्षभ (puruṣarṣabha) - O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - best of men, chief among men

Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : Tatpurusha (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rama.