वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-47, verse-16

मा स्म मत्कारणाद्देवी सुमित्रा दुःखमावसेत् ।
अयोध्यामित एव त्वं काले प्रविश लक्ष्मण ॥१६॥

16. mā sma matkāraṇāddevī sumitrā duḥkhamāvaset ,
ayodhyāmita eva tvaṃ kāle praviśa lakṣmaṇa.

16. mā sma matkāraṇāt devī sumitrā duḥkham āvaset
ayodhyām itaḥ eva tvam kāle praviśa lakṣmaṇa

16. lakṣmaṇa matkāraṇāt devī sumitrā duḥkham mā
sma āvaset tvam itaḥ eva kāle ayodhyām praviśa

16. Lakshmana, let not Queen Sumitra experience sorrow because of me. You must enter Ayodhya immediately from this very place.

Words meanings summery:

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• स्म (sma) - used with the present optative/imperative for prohibition (mā sma) (particle indicating past tense, indeed, truly)

• मत्कारणात् (matkāraṇāt) - on account of me, due to me

• देवी (devī) - Queen (goddess, queen, lady)

• सुमित्रा (sumitrā) - Sumitra (proper name)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

• आवसेत् (āvaset) - may experience (may dwell, may experience)

• अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhya (accusative)

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, from this place

• एव (eva) - here: "immediately" or "just" (reinforcing "itaḥ") (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (nominative singular)

• काले (kāle) - immediately, without delay (as in 'right now is the time') (in time, at the right time, immediately)

• प्रविश (praviśa) - enter (imperative)

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakshmana (vocative)

Words meanings and morphology

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

स्म (sma) - used with the present optative/imperative for prohibition (mā sma) (particle indicating past tense, indeed, truly)

(indeclinable)

मत्कारणात् (matkāraṇāt) - on account of me, due to me

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of matkāraṇa

matkāraṇa - my cause, my reason

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+kāraṇa)

• mad – I, my
  pronoun
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) + ana suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

देवी (devī) - Queen (goddess, queen, lady)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

Feminine form of "deva".

सुमित्रा (sumitrā) - Sumitra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sumitrā

sumitrā - Sumitra (mother of Lakshmana and Shatrughna)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, pain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery

From 'dus' (bad, difficult) and 'kha' (hole, axle-hole, space, ether - suggesting discomfort).

Note: Object of the verb 'āvaset'.

आवसेत् (āvaset) - may experience (may dwell, may experience)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vas

Optative, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Expresses a wish or command with 'mā sma'.

अयोध्याम् (ayodhyām) - Ayodhya (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ayodhyā

ayodhyā - Ayodhya (the capital city of Kosala, Rama's kingdom)

Lit. "unconquerable".

Note: Object of 'praviśa'.

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, from this place

(indeclinable)

From 'idam' (this) + 'tas' suffix.

एव (eva) - here: "immediately" or "just" (reinforcing "itaḥ") (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvam

yuṣmad - you

Second person singular pronoun.

काले (kāle) - immediately, without delay (as in 'right now is the time') (in time, at the right time, immediately)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, opportune moment

प्रविश (praviśa) - enter (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of viś

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice

From root 'viś' (to enter) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakshmana (vocative)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (Rama's brother)

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