वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-47, verse-20

मया हि चिरपुष्टेन दुःखसंवर्धितेन च ।
विप्रायुज्यत कौसल्या फलकाले धिगस्तु माम् ॥२०॥

20. mayā hi cirapuṣṭena duḥkhasaṃvardhitena ca ,
viprāyujyata kausalyā phalakāle dhigastu mām.

20. mayā hi cirapuṣṭena duḥkhasaṃvardhitena ca
viprāyujyata kausalyā phalakāle dhik astu mām

20. kausalyā mayā hi phalakāle viprāyujyata
cirapuṣṭena ca duḥkhasaṃvardhitena dhik astu mām

20. Indeed, Kaushalya was separated [from me] at the time of consequence by this very 'me' who was nourished for a long time and raised with sorrow. Shame on me!

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - by me

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

• चिरपुष्टेन (cirapuṣṭena) - by me, who was nourished for a long time (by the one long-nourished, by the one long-fed)

• दुःखसंवर्धितेन (duḥkhasaṁvardhitena) - by me, who was raised with sorrow (by the one raised with sorrow, by the one brought up in distress)

• च (ca) - and

• विप्रायुज्यत (viprāyujyata) - was separated (from her son, Rama) (was separated, was parted)

• कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kaushalya (name of Rama's mother)

• फलकाले (phalakāle) - at the time when the consequences of actions became apparent (at the time of fruit/consequence, in due time)

• धिक् (dhik) - shame, woe, fie

• अस्तु (astu) - let there be (shame) (let it be, may it be)

• माम् (mām) - upon me (me)

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of mad

mad - I, me

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

चिरपुष्टेन (cirapuṣṭena) - by me, who was nourished for a long time (by the one long-nourished, by the one long-fed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of cirapuṣṭa

cirapuṣṭa - long-nourished, long-fed

Compound type : tatpurusha (cira+puṣṭa)

• cira – long, lasting
  indeclinable
• puṣṭa – nourished, grown, thriving
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root puṣ (to nourish, thrive)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mayā' (me).

दुःखसंवर्धितेन (duḥkhasaṁvardhitena) - by me, who was raised with sorrow (by the one raised with sorrow, by the one brought up in distress)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duḥkhasaṃvardhita

duḥkhasaṁvardhita - raised with sorrow, brought up in distress

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+saṃvardhita)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• saṃvardhita – raised, brought up, nourished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛdh (to grow, increase) with prefix saṃ
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mayā' (me).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'cirapuṣṭena' and 'duḥkhasaṃvardhitena'.

विप्रायुज्यत (viprāyujyata) - was separated (from her son, Rama) (was separated, was parted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of yuj

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The prefix 'pra' intensifies 'vi-yuj'.

कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kaushalya (name of Rama's mother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kaushalya (mother of Rama)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'viprāyujyata'.

फलकाले (phalakāle) - at the time when the consequences of actions became apparent (at the time of fruit/consequence, in due time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of phalakāla

phalakāla - time of fruit, time of consequence

Compound type : tatpurusha (phala+kāla)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes the time of the action.

धिक् (dhik) - shame, woe, fie

(indeclinable)

Note: Expresses self-reproach.

अस्तु (astu) - let there be (shame) (let it be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

माम् (mām) - upon me (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Object of 'dhik'.