वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-47, verse-19

नूनं जात्यन्तरे कस्मिं स्त्रियः पुत्रैर्वियोजिताः ।
जनन्या मम सौमित्रे तदप्येतदुपस्थितम् ॥१९॥

19. nūnaṃ jātyantare kasmiṃ striyaḥ putrairviyojitāḥ ,
jananyā mama saumitre tadapyetadupasthitam.

19. nūnam jātyantare kasmin striyaḥ putraiḥ viyojitāḥ
jananyā mama saumitre tat api etat upasthitam

19. saumitre nūnam kasmin jātyantare striyaḥ putraiḥ
viyojitāḥ tat api etat mama jananyā upasthitam

19. O son of Sumitra, surely, in some past birth (karma), women were separated from their sons; this very same (fate) has now befallen my mother.

Words meanings summery:

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• जात्यन्तरे (jātyantare) - in some previous existence (in another birth, in a different existence)

• कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in some (unspecified) (in what, in which, in some)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - from sons (in context of separation) (by sons, from sons)

• वियोजिताः (viyojitāḥ) - separated, disjoined

• जनन्या (jananyā) - for my mother (of the mother, for the mother)

• मम (mama) - my

• सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakshmana (O son of Sumitra)

• तत् (tat) - that (fate, consequence) (that)

• अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

• एतत् (etat) - this (fate) (this)

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - has befallen, has arrived (present, approached, happened, befallen)

Words meanings and morphology

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

जात्यन्तरे (jātyantare) - in some previous existence (in another birth, in a different existence)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jātyantara

jātyantara - another birth, different species, another existence

From 'jāti' (birth, species) + 'antara' (other, different).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jāti+antara)

• jāti – birth, caste, species, kind
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• antara – other, different, interval, within
  noun/adjective (neuter)

कस्मिन् (kasmin) - in some (unspecified) (in what, in which, in some)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who; also an interrogative pronoun.

Interrogative pronoun, here used as indefinite adjective.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: Subject of the passive participle 'viyojitāḥ'.

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - from sons (in context of separation) (by sons, from sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

वियोजिताः (viyojitāḥ) - separated, disjoined

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of viyojita

viyojita - separated, disjoined, parted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yuj' (to join) with prefix 'vi' (apart) and 'ṇic' (causative) + 'kta' (past passive participle suffix). Causative: 'to cause to separate'. Passive: 'caused to be separated'.

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

जनन्या (jananyā) - for my mother (of the mother, for the mother)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of jananī

jananī - mother

From root 'jan' (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

मम (mama) - my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mama

asmad - my, of me

First person singular pronoun, genitive case.

Note: Possessive, modifying 'jananyā'.

सौमित्रे (saumitre) - O Lakshmana (O son of Sumitra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - son of Sumitra (Lakshmana)

Patronymic from 'Sumitrā'.

Note: Rama addresses Lakshmana.

तत् (tat) - that (fate, consequence) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, such

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this (fate) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Note: Subject of 'upasthitam'.

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - has befallen, has arrived (present, approached, happened, befallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, ready, standing by, approached, happened, occurred

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)