वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-9, verse-9

न तेन जन्मप्रभृति दृष्टपूर्वं तपस्विना ।
स्त्री वा पुमान् वा यच्चान्यत् सत्त्वं नगरराष्ट्रजम् ॥९॥

9. na tena janmaprabhṛti dṛṣṭapūrvaṃ tapasvinā ,
strī vā pumān vā yaccānyat sattvaṃ nagararāṣṭrajam.

9. na tena janmaprabhṛti dṛṣṭapūrvam tapasvinā strī
vā pumān vā yat ca anyat sattvam nagararāṣṭrajam

9. janmaprabhṛti tena tapasvinā strī vā pumān vā ca
yat anyat nagararāṣṭrajam sattvam na dṛṣṭapūrvam

9. From birth onwards, that ascetic (tapasvin) had never seen a woman, a man, or any other creature born in a city or kingdom.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• तेन (tena) - by the sage's son (by him)

• जन्मप्रभृति (janmaprabhṛti) - from birth onwards, since birth

• दृष्टपूर्वम् (dṛṣṭapūrvam) - previously seen, seen before

• तपस्विना (tapasvinā) - by the sage's son, who is an ascetic (by the ascetic)

• स्त्री (strī) - woman

• वा (vā) - or

• पुमान् (pumān) - man, male

• वा (vā) - or

• यत् (yat) - whatever (other being) (which, whatever)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - any living being (being, creature, essence)

• नगरराष्ट्रजम् (nagararāṣṭrajam) - born in a city or kingdom

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by the sage's son (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Used with passive construction "dṛṣṭapūrvam".

जन्मप्रभृति (janmaprabhṛti) - from birth onwards, since birth

(indeclinable)

Compound of janman (birth) and prabhṛti (from, since)

Compound type : tatpurusha (janman+prabhṛti)

• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• prabhṛti – from, beginning with, since
  indeclinable
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

दृष्टपूर्वम् (dṛṣṭapūrvam) - previously seen, seen before

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭapūrva

dṛṣṭapūrva - seen before, previously seen

Compound of dṛṣṭa (P.P.P. of dṛś) and pūrva (before)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dṛṣṭa+pūrva)

• dṛṣṭa – seen, perceived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – before, previous, former
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with "sattvam" (implied, or acting as adverbial participle).

तपस्विना (tapasvinā) - by the sage's son, who is an ascetic (by the ascetic)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, one who practices austerity (tapas)

Derived from tapas + -in

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction.

स्त्री (strī) - woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female

Note: This could be accusative singular as well. Given dṛṣṭapūrvam (neuter) and strī (feminine), it is likely a list of objects being seen, and dṛṣṭapūrvam acts as a general neuter reference to "that which was seen", covering all genders.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

पुमान् (pumān) - man, male

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pums

pums - man, male, human being

Note: Could also be accusative singular.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - whatever (other being) (which, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Acts as correlative to `sattvam`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, different

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with `yat` and `sattvam`.

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - any living being (being, creature, essence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - being, existence, essence, creature, innate quality (sattva)

From root as (to be) + -tva

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The object of the passive verb.

नगरराष्ट्रजम् (nagararāṣṭrajam) - born in a city or kingdom

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nagararāṣṭraja

nagararāṣṭraja - born in a city or kingdom

Compound of nagara, rāṣṭra, and ja (born from)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (nagara+rāṣṭra+ja)

• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country, realm
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix -ja
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with `sattvam`.