वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-9, verse-7

वारमुख्यास्तु तच्छ्रुत्वा वनं प्रविविशुर्महत् ।
आश्रमस्याविदूरे ऽस्मिन्यत्नं कुर्वन्ति दर्शने ।
ऋषिपुत्रस्य घोरस्य नित्यमाश्रमवासिनः ॥७॥

7. vāramukhyāstu tacchrutvā vanaṃ praviviśurmahat ,
āśramasyāvidūre'sminyatnaṃ kurvanti darśane ,
ṛṣiputrasya ghorasya nityamāśramavāsinaḥ.

7. vāramukhyāḥ tu tat śrutvā vanam
praviviśuḥ mahat āśramasya avidūre
asmin yatnam kurvanti darśane
ṛṣiputrasya ghorasya nityam āśramavāsinaḥ

7. tu tat śrutvā vāramukhyāḥ mahat vanam
praviviśuḥ asmin āśramasya avidūre
(te) nityam āśramavāsinaḥ ghorasya
ṛṣiputrasya darśane yatnam kurvanti

7. Having heard that, the chief courtesans entered a great forest. Near that hermitage, they, now dwelling in the hermitage's vicinity, made efforts to catch sight of the formidable son of the sage.

Words meanings summery:

• वारमुख्याः (vāramukhyāḥ) - chief courtesans, leading prostitutes

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तत् (tat) - refers to the instruction/reply from the king (that)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

• प्रविविशुः (praviviśuḥ) - they entered

• महत् (mahat) - great, large

• आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) - of the hermitage

• अविदूरे (avidūre) - not far, near

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (forest/place) (in this)

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make

• दर्शने (darśane) - for the purpose of seeing (in seeing, for the sight, for the vision)

• ऋषिपुत्रस्य (ṛṣiputrasya) - of the sage's son

• घोरस्य (ghorasya) - describes the sage's son as formidable due to his asceticism/power (formidable, fierce, terrible)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, ever

• आश्रमवासिनः (āśramavāsinaḥ) - The courtesans are now "hermitage residents" (residents of the hermitage)

Words meanings and morphology

वारमुख्याः (vāramukhyāḥ) - chief courtesans, leading prostitutes

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāramukhyā

vāramukhyā - chief courtesan, leading public woman

Compound of vāra (turn/group) and mukhyā (chief)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāra+mukhyā)

• vāra – turn, occasion, group
  noun (masculine)
• mukhyā – chief, principal, foremost (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  feminine form of mukhya
  Root: mukh

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - refers to the instruction/reply from the king (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śru- with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Root: van (class 10)

प्रविविशुः (praviviśuḥ) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Perfect (Lit) of praviviśuḥ

Perfect Active Third Person Plural

root viś- with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

महत् (mahat) - great, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

present active participle of mah (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vanam

आश्रमस्य (āśramasya) - of the hermitage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, a stage of life (āśrama)

From root śram with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

अविदूरे (avidūre) - not far, near

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avidūra

avidūra - not far, near

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of a- + dūra

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dūra)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dūra – far, distant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbial usage in locative. Could also be neuter locative.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (forest/place) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Could also be neuter locative.

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

From root yat-

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Object of kurvanti

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Present (Lat) of kurvanti

Present Active Third Person Plural

Root: kṛ (class 8)

दर्शने (darśane) - for the purpose of seeing (in seeing, for the sight, for the vision)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of darśana

darśana - seeing, sight, vision, philosophy, doctrine

From root dṛś with suffix -ana

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose

ऋषिपुत्रस्य (ṛṣiputrasya) - of the sage's son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣiputra

ṛṣiputra - son of a sage

Compound of ṛṣi and putra

Compound type : tatpurusha (ṛṣi+putra)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

घोरस्य (ghorasya) - describes the sage's son as formidable due to his asceticism/power (formidable, fierce, terrible)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - formidable, terrible, fierce, dreadful

Root: ghur (class 1)

Note: Agrees with ṛṣiputrasya

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, ever

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative singular neuter of nitya.

आश्रमवासिनः (āśramavāsinaḥ) - The courtesans are now "hermitage residents" (residents of the hermitage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśramavāsin

āśramavāsin - an inhabitant of an hermitage, hermitage-dweller

Compound of āśrama and vāsin (from root vas "to dwell")

Compound type : tatpurusha (āśrama+vāsin)

• āśrama – hermitage, retreat
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 4)
• vāsin – dwelling, resident, inhabitant
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root vas (to dwell) with suffix -in
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Refers to vāramukhyāḥ.