वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-9, verse-12

कस्त्वं किं वर्तसे ब्रह्मञ्ज्ञातुमिच्छामहे वयम् ।
एकस्त्वं विजने घोरे वने चरसि शंस नः ॥१२॥

12. kastvaṃ kiṃ vartase brahmañjñātumicchāmahe vayam ,
ekastvaṃ vijane ghore vane carasi śaṃsa naḥ.

12. kaḥ tvam kim vartase brahman jñātum icchāmahe
vayam ekaḥ tvam vijane ghore vane carasi śaṃsa naḥ

12. brahman kaḥ tvam kim vartase vayam jñātum icchāmahe
ekaḥ tvam vijane ghore vane carasi naḥ śaṃsa

12. "Who are you, O Brahmin, and what brings you here? We wish to know. You wander alone in this desolate, dreadful forest; please tell us!"

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• वर्तसे (vartase) - you are, you exist, you act

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, O venerable one

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, for knowing

• इच्छामहे (icchāmahe) - we wish, we desire

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, solitary

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• विजने (vijane) - in a desolate, solitary place

• घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• चरसि (carasi) - you wander, you move, you roam

• शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, declare, relate

• नः (naḥ) - us, to us, for us

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

किम् (kim) - what, why

(indeclinable)

वर्तसे (vartase) - you are, you exist, you act

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, O venerable one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute (brahman)

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, for knowing

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root 'jñā' (to know) with -tum suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

इच्छामहे (icchāmahe) - we wish, we desire

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, solitary

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

विजने (vijane) - in a desolate, solitary place

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vijana

vijana - solitary, desolate, without people

Compound type : tatpurusha (vi+jana)

• vi – without, apart, negation
  upasarga
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)

घोरे (ghore) - terrible, dreadful

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, frightful

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

चरसि (carasi) - you wander, you move, you roam

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

शंस (śaṁsa) - tell, declare, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śaṃs

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

नः (naḥ) - us, to us, for us

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)