मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-122, verse-27
राजोवाच ।
बहुभिर्युध्यमानानां दृष्टो वै वैरिणां जयः ।
तत्रापि यदि वैराग्यमुपैषि तदपण्डितः ॥२७॥
बहुभिर्युध्यमानानां दृष्टो वै वैरिणां जयः ।
तत्रापि यदि वैराग्यमुपैषि तदपण्डितः ॥२७॥
27. rājovāca .
bahubhiryudhyamānānāṃ dṛṣṭo vai vairiṇāṃ jayaḥ .
tatrāpi yadi vairāgyamupaiṣi tadapaṇḍitaḥ.
bahubhiryudhyamānānāṃ dṛṣṭo vai vairiṇāṃ jayaḥ .
tatrāpi yadi vairāgyamupaiṣi tadapaṇḍitaḥ.
27.
rājā uvāca | bahubhiḥ yudhyamānānām dṛṣṭaḥ vai vairiṇām
jayaḥ | tatra api yadi vairāgyam upaiṣi tat apaṇḍitaḥ
jayaḥ | tatra api yadi vairāgyam upaiṣi tat apaṇḍitaḥ
27.
The king said: "Indeed, victory (jayaḥ) has been observed for those who fight against many enemies. Even in that situation, if you adopt detachment (vairāgya), then you are unwise."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजा (rājā) - king, ruler
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many (opponents/enemies) (by many, with many)
- युध्यमानानाम् (yudhyamānānām) - of those fighting, among those who are warring
- दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, perceived
- वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly
- वैरिणाम् (vairiṇām) - of enemies
- जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph, conquest
- तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, even then (there, in that place, in that matter, then)
- अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)
- यदि (yadi) - if
- वैराग्यम् (vairāgyam) - detachment, dispassion
- उपैषि (upaiṣi) - you go to, you attain, you adopt, you resort to
- तत् (tat) - then (that, then, therefore)
- अपण्डितः (apaṇḍitaḥ) - unwise, ignorant, foolish
Words meanings and morphology
राजा (rājā) - king, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
perfect active indicative 3rd singular
Formed from root √vac.
Root: vac (class 2)
बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - with many (opponents/enemies) (by many, with many)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu
bahu - many, numerous, much
युध्यमानानाम् (yudhyamānānām) - of those fighting, among those who are warring
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of yudhyamāna
yudhyamāna - fighting, warring, contending, engaged in battle
present middle participle
From root √yudh (to fight) + -āna suffix (middle participle).
Root: yudh (class 4)
दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, perceived
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa
dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, visible, known
Past Passive Participle
From root √dṛś (to see) + -kta suffix.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, truly
(indeclinable)
वैरिणाम् (vairiṇām) - of enemies
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of vairin
vairin - enemy, foe, hostile
From vaira (enmity).
Note: Pertaining to jayaḥ, 'victory over enemies'.
जयः (jayaḥ) - victory, triumph, conquest
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya
jaya - victory, triumph, conquest, winning
From root √ji (to conquer).
Root: ji (class 1)
तत्र (tatra) - in that situation, even then (there, in that place, in that matter, then)
(indeclinable)
Formed from tad + suffix tra.
अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used to convey "even then" with tatra.
यदि (yadi) - if
(indeclinable)
वैराग्यम् (vairāgyam) - detachment, dispassion
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vairāgya
vairāgya - detachment, dispassion, renunciation, indifference to worldly objects (vairāgya)
Note: Object of upaiṣi.
उपैषि (upaiṣi) - you go to, you attain, you adopt, you resort to
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of upa-i
present active indicative 2nd singular
Root √i (to go) with prefix upa.
Prefix: upa
Root: i (class 2)
तत् (tat) - then (that, then, therefore)
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, then, therefore, he, she, it
अपण्डितः (apaṇḍitaḥ) - unwise, ignorant, foolish
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of apaṇḍita
apaṇḍita - unwise, unlearned, ignorant, foolish
Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of a (not) + paṇḍita (wise).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paṇḍita)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - paṇḍita – wise, learned, scholar
adjective (masculine)
Note: Predicative adjective for the implied "you".