महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-53, verse-29

स तुद्यमानो बलवान्वाग्भी राम समन्ततः ।
उत्थितः प्राग्घ्रदाद्वीरः प्रगृह्य महतीं गदाम् ॥२९॥

29. sa tudyamāno balavānvāgbhī rāma samantataḥ ,
utthitaḥ prāgghradādvīraḥ pragṛhya mahatīṁ gadām.

29. saḥ tudyamānaḥ balavān vāgbhiḥ rāma samantataḥ
utthitaḥ prāk hradāt vīraḥ pragṛhya mahatīm gadām

29. rāma saḥ balavān vīraḥ vāgbhiḥ samantataḥ tudyamānaḥ
mahatīm gadām pragṛhya hradāt prāk utthitaḥ

29. O Rāma, that powerful hero, being provoked by words from all sides, rose up from the lake, having seized his mighty mace.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that hero (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that one)

• तुद्यमानः (tudyamānaḥ) - being provoked verbally (being tormented, being poked, being instigated)

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong, mighty

• वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by harsh or provoking words (by words, by speeches)

• राम (rāma) - Addressing Lord Rāma. (O Rāma)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

• उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - risen, stood up, emerged

• प्राक् (prāk) - out (from the lake) (out, forth, before, eastward)

• ह्रदात् (hradāt) - from the lake, from the pond

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, warrior, brave man

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, having grasped, having taken up

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, mighty, large

• गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that hero (referring to Duryodhana) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

तुद्यमानः (tudyamānaḥ) - being provoked verbally (being tormented, being poked, being instigated)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tudyamāna

tudyamāna - being tormented, being poked, being instigated

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'tud' (to torment, poke) with passive suffix '-yamāna'.

Root: tud (class 6)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe the hero.

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty

Derived from 'bala' (strength) with suffix '-vat'.

Note: Adjective agreeing with the subject 'saḥ'.

वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by harsh or provoking words (by words, by speeches)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice

Note: Instrumental plural, indicating the means of torment. The original Devanagari 'वाग्भी' (vāgbhī) is likely a scribal or transcription error for 'वाग्भिः' (vāgbhiḥ) given the grammatical context of 'tudyamānaḥ' requiring an instrumental plural.

राम (rāma) - Addressing Lord Rāma. (O Rāma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Vocative singular.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'samanta' (all-round) with suffix '-tas'.

Note: Adverbial.

उत्थितः (utthitaḥ) - risen, stood up, emerged

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utthita

utthita - risen, stood up, emerged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ud' (up) and suffix '-kta'.

Prefix: ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle acting as a finite verb in context.

प्राक् (prāk) - out (from the lake) (out, forth, before, eastward)

(indeclinable)

Note: Prepositional or adverbial modifier for 'hradāt'.

ह्रदात् (hradāt) - from the lake, from the pond

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hrada

hrada - lake, pond, deep pool

Note: Ablative singular, indicating source.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, warrior, brave man

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Nominative singular, subject of the sentence.

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, having grasped, having taken up

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'grah' (to seize) with prefix 'pra' and suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive, indicating an action completed before the main verb.

महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large

Note: Feminine accusative singular, agreeing with 'gadām'.

गदाम् (gadām) - mace, club

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gadā

gadā - mace, club

Note: Accusative singular, object of 'pragṛhya'.