महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-20, verse-30

शैनेयेऽधिष्ठिते राजन्विरथे कृतवर्मणि ।
दुर्योधनबलं सर्वं पुनरासीत्पराङ्मुखम् ॥३०॥

30. śaineye'dhiṣṭhite rājanvirathe kṛtavarmaṇi ,
duryodhanabalaṁ sarvaṁ punarāsītparāṅmukham.

30. śaineye adhiṣṭhite rājan virathe kṛtavarmaṇi
dur-yodhana-balam sarvam punaḥ āsīt parāṅ-mukham

30. rājan,
śaineye adhiṣṭhite (sati) kṛtavarmaṇi virathe (sati),
sarvam dur-yodhana-balam punaḥ parāṅ-mukham āsīt

30. O King, when Sātyaki (śaineya) was situated (on the chariot) and Kṛtavarman was charioless, all of Duryodhana's army again turned away in retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• शैनेये (śaineye) - referring to Sātyaki (in the descendant of Śini)

• अधिष्ठिते (adhiṣṭhite) - Sātyaki being seated/situated (on the chariot) (situated, stood, placed)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King!

• विरथे (virathe) - referring to Kṛtavarman being without a chariot (without a chariot, charioless)

• कृतवर्मणि (kṛtavarmaṇi) - in Kṛtavarman, concerning Kṛtavarman

• दुर्-योधन-बलम् (dur-yodhana-balam) - Duryodhana's army, the force of Duryodhana

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, became

• पराङ्-मुखम् (parāṅ-mukham) - turned away, facing backwards, retreating

Words meanings and morphology

शैनेये (śaineye) - referring to Sātyaki (in the descendant of Śini)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - descendant of Śini (Sātyaki)

Taddhita formation from Śini

अधिष्ठिते (adhiṣṭhite) - Sātyaki being seated/situated (on the chariot) (situated, stood, placed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of adhiṣṭhita

adhiṣṭhita - situated, placed upon, standing on, presided over

Past Passive Participle

From adhi-√sthā 'to stand upon, to reside'

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

विरथे (virathe) - referring to Kṛtavarman being without a chariot (without a chariot, charioless)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, charioless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – apart, without, away
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

कृतवर्मणि (kṛtavarmaṇi) - in Kṛtavarman, concerning Kṛtavarman

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kṛtavarman (name of a warrior)

दुर्-योधन-बलम् (dur-yodhana-balam) - Duryodhana's army, the force of Duryodhana

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dur-yodhana-bala

dur-yodhana-bala - Duryodhana's army, the force of Duryodhana

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+bala)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dur
• bala – strength, force, army
  noun (neuter)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'balam'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पराङ्-मुखम् (parāṅ-mukham) - turned away, facing backwards, retreating

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parāṅ-mukha

parāṅ-mukha - having the face turned away, averted, retreating

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parāc+mukha)

• parāc – turned away, backwards, west
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)