महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-8, chapter-60, verse-30
ततस्तयोर्युद्धमतीतमानुषं प्रदीव्यतोः प्राणदुरोदरेऽभवत् ।
परस्परेणाभिनिविष्टरोषयोरुदग्रयोः शम्बरशक्रयोर्यथा ॥३०॥
परस्परेणाभिनिविष्टरोषयोरुदग्रयोः शम्बरशक्रयोर्यथा ॥३०॥
30. tatastayoryuddhamatītamānuṣaṁ; pradīvyatoḥ prāṇadurodare'bhavat ,
paraspareṇābhiniviṣṭaroṣayo;rudagrayoḥ śambaraśakrayoryathā.
paraspareṇābhiniviṣṭaroṣayo;rudagrayoḥ śambaraśakrayoryathā.
30.
tataḥ tayoḥ yuddham atītamānuṣaṃ
pradīvyatoḥ prāṇa dur-udare abhavat
paraspareṇa abhiniviṣṭaroṣayoḥ
udagrayoḥ śambara śakrayoḥ yathā
pradīvyatoḥ prāṇa dur-udare abhavat
paraspareṇa abhiniviṣṭaroṣayoḥ
udagrayoḥ śambara śakrayoḥ yathā
30.
tataḥ tayoḥ atītamānuṣaṃ yuddham prāṇa
dur-udare pradīvyatoḥ abhavat yathā
udagrayoḥ paraspareṇa abhiniviṣṭaroṣayoḥ
śambara śakrayoḥ (yuddham abhavat)
dur-udare pradīvyatoḥ abhavat yathā
udagrayoḥ paraspareṇa abhiniviṣṭaroṣayoḥ
śambara śakrayoḥ (yuddham abhavat)
30.
Then, a battle surpassing human (limits) occurred between the two (Duryodhana and Bhima), who were gambling their lives as if in a game of dice. It was like the battle between Śambara and Śakra (Indra), both fiercely resolute and filled with mutual anger.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom
- तयोः (tayoḥ) - of Bhima and Duryodhana (of those two)
- युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight
- अतीतमानुषं (atītamānuṣaṁ) - surpassing human (limits)
- प्रदीव्यतोः (pradīvyatoḥ) - of those who were gambling/fighting
- प्राण (prāṇa) - life-breath, life, vitality
- दुर्-उदरे (dur-udare) - in a dice game, in a game of hazard
- अभवत् (abhavat) - occurred, happened, was
- परस्परेण (paraspareṇa) - by each other, mutually
- अभिनिविष्टरोषयोः (abhiniviṣṭaroṣayoḥ) - of those with intense anger fixed upon each other
- उदग्रयोः (udagrayoḥ) - of the fierce ones, of the mighty ones
- शम्बर (śambara) - Śambara (a demon)
- शक्रयोः (śakrayoḥ) - of Śakra (Indra)
- यथा (yathā) - as, like
Words meanings and morphology
ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom
(indeclinable)
तयोः (tayoḥ) - of Bhima and Duryodhana (of those two)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war
Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
Derived from root yudh (to fight)
Root: yudh (class 4)
अतीतमानुषं (atītamānuṣaṁ) - surpassing human (limits)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of atītamānuṣa
atītamānuṣa - surpassing human, superhuman
Compound type : bahuvrihi (atīta+mānuṣa)
- atīta – gone beyond, surpassed, past
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root i (to go) with upasarga ati-
Prefix: ati
Root: i (class 2) - mānuṣa – human, relating to man
noun (neuter)
प्रदीव्यतोः (pradīvyatoḥ) - of those who were gambling/fighting
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, dual of pradīvyat
pradīvyat - playing, gambling, fighting
Present Active Participle
Derived from root div (to play, gamble) with upasarga pra-
Prefix: pra
Root: div (class 4)
प्राण (prāṇa) - life-breath, life, vitality
(noun)
masculine, singular of prāṇa
prāṇa - life-breath, vital air, life, spirit
Note: Part of compound 'prāṇa-dur-udare'
दुर्-उदरे (dur-udare) - in a dice game, in a game of hazard
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of dur-udara
dur-udara - dice-game, game of hazard, difficult game
Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+udara)
- dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill
indeclinable - udara – belly, interior, cavity (here, possibly the dice board or the stakes)
noun (neuter)
अभवत् (abhavat) - occurred, happened, was
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū
Imperfect
Root: bhū (class 1)
परस्परेण (paraspareṇa) - by each other, mutually
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of paraspara
paraspara - mutual, reciprocal, one another
अभिनिविष्टरोषयोः (abhiniviṣṭaroṣayoḥ) - of those with intense anger fixed upon each other
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, dual of abhiniviṣṭaroṣa
abhiniviṣṭaroṣa - having intense, deep-seated anger
Compound type : bahuvrihi (abhiniviṣṭa+roṣa)
- abhiniviṣṭa – entered into, fixed upon, devoted to, imbued with
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root viś (to enter) with upasargas abhi-ni-
Prefixes: abhi+ni
Root: viś (class 6) - roṣa – anger, rage, wrath
noun (masculine)
उदग्रयोः (udagrayoḥ) - of the fierce ones, of the mighty ones
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, dual of udagra
udagra - rising up, fierce, formidable, prominent
Compound type : tatpurusha (ud+agra)
- ud – up, forth, out
indeclinable - agra – front, top, peak, foremost
noun (neuter)
शम्बर (śambara) - Śambara (a demon)
(proper noun)
masculine, singular of śambara
śambara - name of a demon, cloud
Note: Part of dvandva compound 'śambaraśakrayoḥ'
शक्रयोः (śakrayoḥ) - of Śakra (Indra)
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, dual of śakra
śakra - Indra, mighty, powerful
Note: Forms dvandva compound 'śambaraśakrayoḥ' with 'śambara'
यथा (yathā) - as, like
(indeclinable)