महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-60, verse-13

तं भीमसेनोऽनु ययौ रथेन पृष्ठे रक्षन्पाण्डवमेकवीरम् ।
तौ राजपुत्रौ त्वरितौ रथाभ्यां कर्णाय यातावरिभिर्विमुक्तौ ॥१३॥

13. taṁ bhīmaseno'nu yayau rathena; pṛṣṭhe rakṣanpāṇḍavamekavīram ,
tau rājaputrau tvaritau rathābhyāṁ; karṇāya yātāvaribhirvimuktau.

13. tam bhīmasenaḥ anu yayau rathena
pṛṣṭhe rakṣan pāṇḍavam ekavīram |
tau rājaputrau tvaritau rathābhyām
karṇāya yātau aribhiḥ vimuktau

13. bhīmasenaḥ tam ekavīram pāṇḍavam
pṛṣṭhe rathena rakṣan anu yayau
tau tvaritau rājaputrau rathābhyām
karṇāya yātau aribhiḥ vimuktau

13. Bhīmasena followed him (Arjuna), protecting that lone hero, the Pāṇḍava, from behind on his chariot. Meanwhile, those two swift princes, having departed in their chariots towards Karṇa, were left unhindered by their enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

• अनु (anu) - after, along, following

• ययौ (yayau) - went, followed

• रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

• पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - behind, at the back

• रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting, guarding

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna, a Pāṇḍava (the Pāṇḍava (son of Pāṇḍu))

• एकवीरम् (ekavīram) - the sole hero, the unique hero

• तौ (tau) - those two

• राजपुत्रौ (rājaputrau) - two princes (sons of kings)

• त्वरितौ (tvaritau) - swift, hurried, quick (two of them)

• रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām) - with two chariots, by two chariots

• कर्णाय (karṇāya) - to Karṇa, for Karṇa

• यातौ (yātau) - having gone (two of them)

• अरिभिः (aribhiḥ) - by enemies

• विमुक्तौ (vimuktau) - left unhindered (released, freed, abandoned (two of them))

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Arjuna) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - name of a Pāṇḍava prince

अनु (anu) - after, along, following

(indeclinable)

ययौ (yayau) - went, followed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - behind, at the back

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, rear

रक्षन् (rakṣan) - protecting, guarding

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣat

rakṣat - protecting, guarding (present participle)

Present Active Participle

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna, a Pāṇḍava (the Pāṇḍava (son of Pāṇḍu))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu

एकवीरम् (ekavīram) - the sole hero, the unique hero

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ekavīra

ekavīra - single hero, chief hero

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+vīra)

• eka – one, single, sole
  numeral
• vīra – hero, warrior, brave
  noun (masculine)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजपुत्रौ (rājaputrau) - two princes (sons of kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rājaputra

rājaputra - son of a king, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

त्वरितौ (tvaritau) - swift, hurried, quick (two of them)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quick, swift

Past Passive Participle

From root tvar- (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

रथाभ्याम् (rathābhyām) - with two chariots, by two chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Could also be dative or ablative dual, but instrumental fits context.

कर्णाय (karṇāya) - to Karṇa, for Karṇa

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (name of a warrior)

यातौ (yātau) - having gone (two of them)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yāta

yāta - gone, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From root yā- (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

अरिभिः (aribhiḥ) - by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ari

ari - enemy, foe

विमुक्तौ (vimuktau) - left unhindered (released, freed, abandoned (two of them))

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vimukta

vimukta - released, freed, liberated, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

From root muc- (to free, release) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)