महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-60, verse-11

ततः प्रहस्याशु नरप्रवीरो रथं रथेनाधिरथेर्जगाम ।
भये तेषां त्राणमिच्छन्सुबाहुरभ्याहतानां रथयूथपेन ॥११॥

11. tataḥ prahasyāśu narapravīro; rathaṁ rathenādhiratherjagāma ,
bhaye teṣāṁ trāṇamicchansubāhu;rabhyāhatānāṁ rathayūthapena.

11. tataḥ prahasya āśu narapravīraḥ
ratham rathena adhiratheḥ jagāma
bhaye teṣām trāṇam icchan
subāhuḥ abhyāhatānām rathayūthapena

11. tataḥ narapravīraḥ subāhuḥ āśu
prahasya bhaye rathayūthapena
abhyāhatānām teṣām trāṇam icchan
rathena adhiratheḥ ratham jagāma

11. Then, that hero among men, the mighty-armed (Arjuna), quickly laughed and, desiring protection for those who were assailed in fear by the commander of the chariot division (Karna), he advanced with his chariot toward Adhirathi's (Karna's) chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, afterwards)

• प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed (having laughed, after laughing)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• नरप्रवीरः (narapravīraḥ) - hero among men (Arjuna) (hero among men, best of men)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• रथेन (rathena) - with his chariot (by/with chariot)

• अधिरथेः (adhiratheḥ) - Adhirathi's (chariot) (of Adhirathi, Karna's)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, advanced (went, moved, proceeded)

• भये (bhaye) - in fear (in fear, through fear)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (soldiers) (of them, to them)

• त्राणम् (trāṇam) - protection (protection, refuge)

• इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring (desiring, wishing)

• सुबाहुः (subāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (Arjuna) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

• अभ्याहतानाम् (abhyāhatānām) - of those (soldiers) assailed, hit (of those who have been struck/assailed)

• रथयूथपेन (rathayūthapena) - by the commander of the chariot division (Karna) (by the leader of the chariot-troop)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed (having laughed, after laughing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from root √has (to laugh) with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: used here as an adverb

नरप्रवीरः (narapravīraḥ) - hero among men (Arjuna) (hero among men, best of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narapravīra

narapravīra - hero among men, chief of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+pravīra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pravīra – hero, chief, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra

Note: epithet for Arjuna

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: object of 'went towards'

रथेन (rathena) - with his chariot (by/with chariot)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: instrument of 'went'

अधिरथेः (adhiratheḥ) - Adhirathi's (chariot) (of Adhirathi, Karna's)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of adhirathi

adhirathi - son of Adhiratha, Karna

Note: possessive, referring to 'ratham'

जगाम (jagāma) - went, advanced (went, moved, proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of √gam

Perfect

third person singular perfect active

Root: gam (class 1)

भये (bhaye) - in fear (in fear, through fear)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

Note: locative of circumstance/condition

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (soldiers) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: refers to the 'abhyāhatānām' - those who were struck

त्राणम् (trāṇam) - protection (protection, refuge)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of trāṇa

trāṇa - protection, refuge, shelter

Note: object of 'icchan'

इच्छन् (icchan) - desiring (desiring, wishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing

Present Participle (Active)

from root √iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: modifies 'narapravīraḥ' and 'subāhuḥ'

सुबाहुः (subāhuḥ) - the mighty-armed (Arjuna) (mighty-armed, strong-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of subāhu

subāhu - one with beautiful arms, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+bāhu)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: epithet for Arjuna

अभ्याहतानाम् (abhyāhatānām) - of those (soldiers) assailed, hit (of those who have been struck/assailed)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abhyāhata

abhyāhata - struck, assailed, wounded, oppressed

Past Passive Participle

from root √han (to strike, kill) with prefixes abhi- and ā-

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: han (class 2)

Note: agrees with 'teṣām'

रथयूथपेन (rathayūthapena) - by the commander of the chariot division (Karna) (by the leader of the chariot-troop)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rathayūthapa

rathayūthapa - leader of a chariot-troop, commander of a chariot division

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+yūthapa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – leader of a troop/herd/company
  noun (masculine)

Note: agent of 'abhyāhatānām', refers to Karna