महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-79, verse-18

बभूव तव तत्सैन्यं शङ्खशब्दसमीरितम् ।
उद्विग्नरथनागाश्वमस्वस्थमिव चाभिभो ॥१८॥

18. babhūva tava tatsainyaṁ śaṅkhaśabdasamīritam ,
udvignarathanāgāśvamasvasthamiva cābhibho.

18. babhūva tava tat sainyam śaṅkhaśabdasamīritam
udvignarathanāgāśvam asvastham iva ca abhibho

18. abhibho tava tat sainyam śaṅkhaśabdasamīritam
udvignarathanāgāśvam asvastham iva ca babhūva

18. O Lord, your army, agitated by the sound of the conch shells, became uneasy; its chariots, elephants, and horses were distressed, as if it were sick.

Words meanings summery:

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was, happened

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• तत् (tat) - refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's army (that)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host, military force

• शङ्खशब्दसमीरितम् (śaṅkhaśabdasamīritam) - agitated by the sound of conch shells

• उद्विग्नरथनागाश्वम् (udvignarathanāgāśvam) - having agitated chariots, elephants, and horses; with distressed chariots, elephants, and horses

• अस्वस्थम् (asvastham) - unwell, uneasy, unhealthy, disturbed

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभिभो (abhibho) - Saṃjaya addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O lord, O master)

Words meanings and morphology

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √bhū

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active indicative form of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'.

तत् (tat) - refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's army (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Nominative/Accusative singular neuter of 'tad'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host, military force

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force; belonging to an army

Derived from 'senā' (army).

शङ्खशब्दसमीरितम् (śaṅkhaśabdasamīritam) - agitated by the sound of conch shells

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śaṅkhaśabdasamīrita

śaṅkhaśabdasamīrita - agitated/roused by the sound of conch shells

Compound noun where 'samīrita' is a past passive participle (roused, agitated) from √īr with 'sam', modified by 'śaṅkhaśabda' (conch sound).

Compound type : instrumental tatpuruṣa (śaṅkhaśabda+samīrita)

• śaṅkhaśabda – sound of a conch shell
  noun (masculine)
• samīrita – agitated, stirred, roused, set in motion
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √īr (to move, stir) with prefix 'sam-'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: īr (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

उद्विग्नरथनागाश्वम् (udvignarathanāgāśvam) - having agitated chariots, elephants, and horses; with distressed chariots, elephants, and horses

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udvignarathanāgāśva

udvignarathanāgāśva - having agitated chariots, elephants, and horses

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udvigna+ratha+nāga+aśva)

• udvigna – agitated, distressed, anxious, disturbed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vij (to tremble, fear) with prefix 'ud-'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vij (class 6)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

अस्वस्थम् (asvastham) - unwell, uneasy, unhealthy, disturbed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asvastha

asvastha - unwell, unhealthy, uneasy, disturbed, not well-situated

Compound with negation 'a-' and 'svastha' (well-situated, healthy).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+svastha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• svastha – healthy, well, at ease, self-reliant
  adjective
  Compound 'sva' (self) + 'stha' (standing).

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभिभो (abhibho) - Saṃjaya addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of abhibhū

abhibhū - lord, master, conqueror

Vocative singular of 'abhibhū'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhū (class 1)