महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-39, verse-21

प्रतपन्तमिवादित्यं निघ्नन्तं शात्रवान्रणे ।
सौभद्रमुद्यतास्त्रातुमभिधावन्ति पाण्डवाः ॥२१॥

21. pratapantamivādityaṁ nighnantaṁ śātravānraṇe ,
saubhadramudyatāstrātumabhidhāvanti pāṇḍavāḥ.

21. pratapantam iva ādityam nighnantam śātravān raṇe
saubhadram udyata āstrātum abhidhāvanti pāṇḍavāḥ

21. pāṇḍavāḥ udyata āstrātum raṇe śātravān nighnantam
ādityam iva pratapantam saubhadram abhidhāvanti

21. The Pandavas, ready to protect him with weapons, rush towards Abhimanyu, who is like the blazing sun, slaying enemies in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - blazing (like the sun) (shining intensely, blazing, scorching)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun (sun, son of Aditi)

• निघ्नन्तम् (nighnantam) - slaying (slaying, striking down)

• शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

• सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, son of Subhadrā (son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu))

• उद्यत (udyata) - ready (to protect) (ready, prepared, uplifted)

• आस्त्रातुम् (āstrātum) - to protect, to rescue

• अभिधावन्ति (abhidhāvanti) - they rush towards, they run to

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (the sons of Pāṇḍu)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - blazing (like the sun) (shining intensely, blazing, scorching)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratapant

pratapant - shining intensely, scorching, afflicting

Present Active Participle

From pra- + √tap (class 1, parasmaipada)

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun (sun, son of Aditi)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, a son of Aditi

निघ्नन्तम् (nighnantam) - slaying (slaying, striking down)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nighnant

nighnant - slaying, striking, destroying

Present Active Participle

From ni- + √han (class 2)

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śātru

śātru - enemy, foe

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, son of Subhadrā (son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā, Abhimanyu

Patronymic from Subhadrā

उद्यत (udyata) - ready (to protect) (ready, prepared, uplifted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udyata

udyata - prepared, ready, uplifted

Past Passive Participle

From ud- + √yam (class 1, 'to raise, prepare')

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Though technically a participle, functions as an adjective here.

आस्त्रातुम् (āstrātum) - to protect, to rescue

(infinitive)

अभिधावन्ति (abhidhāvanti) - they rush towards, they run to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of abhidhāv

Present tense

From abhi- + √dhāv (class 1)

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhāv (class 1)

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (the sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu