महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-39, verse-3

यत्सभायां त्वया राज्ञो धृतराष्ट्रस्य शृण्वतः ।
कोपितः परुषैर्वाक्यैर्धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
जयोन्मत्तेन भीमश्च बह्वबद्धं प्रभाषता ॥३॥

3. yatsabhāyāṁ tvayā rājño dhṛtarāṣṭrasya śṛṇvataḥ ,
kopitaḥ paruṣairvākyairdharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
jayonmattena bhīmaśca bahvabaddhaṁ prabhāṣatā.

3. yat sabhāyām tvayā rājñaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya
śṛṇvataḥ kopitaḥ paruṣaiḥ vākyaiḥ
dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ jaya-unmattena
bhīmaḥ ca bahu abaddham prabhāṣatā

3. yat rājñaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭrasya śṛṇvataḥ sabhāyām tvayā paruṣaiḥ vākyaiḥ dharmarājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ kopitaḥ,
ca jaya-unmattena bhīmaḥ bahu abaddham prabhāṣatā

3. Because in the assembly, while King Dhṛtarāṣṭra was listening, you angered Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of (dharma) (righteousness), with harsh words. And you, maddened by victory, also spoke much nonsense to Bhīma.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - because (which, what, because, that)

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (in the assembly, in the hall, in the court)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Duḥśāsana) (by you)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of the king)

• धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of Dhritarashtra)

• शृण्वतः (śṛṇvataḥ) - while Dhṛtarāṣṭra was listening (listening, hearing)

• कोपितः (kopitaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira was angered (angered, enraged, provoked)

• परुषैः (paruṣaiḥ) - with harsh words (with harsh, rough, cruel)

• वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - with harsh words (with words, statements, speeches)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, known as the king of (dharma) (righteousness) (king of (dharma) (righteousness), Yudhiṣṭhira)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• जय-उन्मत्तेन (jaya-unmattena) - by you (Duḥśāsana) maddened by victory (by one maddened by victory)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Bhīma)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

• बहु (bahu) - much (nonsense) (much, many, very)

• अबद्धम् (abaddham) - much nonsense (nonsense, improper, incoherent)

• प्रभाषता (prabhāṣatā) - by you speaking (much nonsense) (by speaking, while speaking)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - because (which, what, because, that)

(indeclinable)

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly (in the assembly, in the hall, in the court)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, court, hall

Root: bhā (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Duḥśāsana) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Instrumental singular of `tvam` (you, singular).

Note: Agent of kopitaḥ.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

धृतराष्ट्रस्य (dhṛtarāṣṭrasya) - of King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

one who holds the kingdom (`dhṛta` + `rāṣṭra`).

शृण्वतः (śṛṇvataḥ) - while Dhṛtarāṣṭra was listening (listening, hearing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śṛṇvat

śṛṇvat - listening, hearing

Present Active Participle

Derived from √śru, 5th class verb. Genitive singular, agreeing with dhṛtarāṣṭrasya.

Root: śru (class 5)

कोपितः (kopitaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira was angered (angered, enraged, provoked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kopita

kopita - angered, enraged, provoked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √kup (to be angry) with -ita suffix.

Root: kup (class 4)

Note: The action of angering.

परुषैः (paruṣaiḥ) - with harsh words (with harsh, rough, cruel)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, unkind, severe

वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - with harsh words (with words, statements, speeches)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vākya

vākya - word, sentence, speech, statement

Derived from `vac` (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, known as the king of (dharma) (righteousness) (king of (dharma) (righteousness), Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of (dharma) (righteousness), just king, Yudhiṣṭhira

`dharma` (righteousness) + `rāja` (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of kopitaḥ.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

firm in battle (`yudhi` + `sthira`).

Note: Proper name, coreferential with dharmarājaḥ.

जय-उन्मत्तेन (jaya-unmattena) - by you (Duḥśāsana) maddened by victory (by one maddened by victory)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jayānumatta

jayānumatta - maddened by victory, intoxicated by triumph

`jaya` (victory) + `unmatta` (mad, intoxicated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+unmatta)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• unmatta – mad, insane, intoxicated, furious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √mad with ud- prefix
  Prefix: ud
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied agent (Duḥśāsana).

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Bhīma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of the second Pāṇḍava, terrible)

Derived from √bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Another person insulted/spoken to.

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

बहु (bahu) - much (nonsense) (much, many, very)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant, numerous

Note: Adverbial usage with abaddham.

अबद्धम् (abaddham) - much nonsense (nonsense, improper, incoherent)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abaddha

abaddha - unbound, not tied, incoherent, improper, nonsense

`a-` (not) + `baddha` (bound, tied, connected).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+baddha)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
• baddha – bound, tied, connected, coherent
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √bandh
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Used as a noun here.

प्रभाषता (prabhāṣatā) - by you speaking (much nonsense) (by speaking, while speaking)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prabhāṣat

prabhāṣat - speaking, conversing, uttering

Present Active Participle

Derived from √bhāṣ (to speak) with pra- prefix, middle voice. Instrumental singular, agreeing with tvayā.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Acts as an agent noun or an adjective describing the agent.