महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-39, verse-19

ततोऽभवन्महद्युद्धं त्वदीयानां परैः सह ।
जयमाकाङ्क्षमाणानां शूराणामनिवर्तिनाम् ॥१९॥

19. tato'bhavanmahadyuddhaṁ tvadīyānāṁ paraiḥ saha ,
jayamākāṅkṣamāṇānāṁ śūrāṇāmanivartinām.

19. tataḥ abhavat mahat yuddham tvadīyānām paraiḥ
saha jayam ākaṅkṣamāṇānām śūrāṇām anivartinām

19. tataḥ mahat yuddham tvadīyānām paraiḥ saha
jayam ākaṅkṣamāṇānām anivartinām śūrāṇām abhavat

19. Then a great battle took place between your (Duryodhana's) men and the enemies, (a battle) of brave warriors who desired victory and would not retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• अभवत् (abhavat) - there was, it happened, it became

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• त्वदीयानाम् (tvadīyānām) - of your (Duryodhana's) men/forces (of your men, of yours)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies, with enemies

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• जयम् (jayam) - victory, conquest, triumph

• आकङ्क्षमाणानाम् (ākaṅkṣamāṇānām) - of those desiring, longing for, hoping for

• शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave warriors

• अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those not retreating, of those who do not turn back

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - there was, it happened, it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

3rd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada), from root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Root: yudh (class 4)

त्वदीयानाम् (tvadīyānām) - of your (Duryodhana's) men/forces (of your men, of yours)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tvadīya

tvadīya - your, belonging to you, relating to you, your people/followers

Derived from 'tvad' (you) + '-īya' (belonging to)

परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies, with enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, enemy, foe

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

जयम् (jayam) - victory, conquest, triumph

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph

Root: ji (class 1)

आकङ्क्षमाणानाम् (ākaṅkṣamāṇānām) - of those desiring, longing for, hoping for

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ākaṅkṣamāṇa

ākaṅkṣamāṇa - desiring, longing for, hoping for

Present Participle

Present participle, middle voice, from root 'kāṅkṣ' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave warriors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave man, warrior

अनिवर्तिनाम् (anivartinām) - of those not retreating, of those who do not turn back

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anivartin

anivartin - not turning back, not retreating, resolute

Negative compound of 'nivartin' (returning, retreating)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+nivartin)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• nivartin – turning back, retreating, returning
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  From root 'vṛt' with prefix 'ni'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vṛt (class 1)