महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-129, verse-30

दुर्योधनपुरोवातां रथनागबलाहकाम् ।
वादित्रघोषस्तनितां चापविद्युद्ध्वजैर्वृताम् ॥३०॥

30. duryodhanapurovātāṁ rathanāgabalāhakām ,
vāditraghoṣastanitāṁ cāpavidyuddhvajairvṛtām.

30. duryodhanapurovātām rathanāgabalāhakām
vāditraghoṣastanitām cāpavidyuddhvajaīḥ vṛtām

30. duryodhanapurovātām rathanāgabalāhakām
vāditraghoṣastanitām cāpavidyuddhvajaīḥ vṛtām

30. … with Duryodhana as its fierce, guiding wind, with chariots and elephants as its clouds, with the roar of musical instruments as its thunder, and enveloped by banners that are like flashes of lightning …

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनपुरोवाताम् (duryodhanapurovātām) - having Duryodhana as its fierce, guiding wind (referring to the army) (having Duryodhana as its guiding wind)

• रथनागबलाहकाम् (rathanāgabalāhakām) - having chariots and elephants as its clouds

• वादित्रघोषस्तनिताम् (vāditraghoṣastanitām) - having the roar of musical instruments as its thunder

• चापविद्युद्ध्वजईः (cāpavidyuddhvajaīḥ) - by banners that are like flashes of lightning, and bows (by bows, lightning, and banners)

• वृताम् (vṛtām) - enveloped by (the aforementioned) (enveloped, surrounded)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनपुरोवाताम् (duryodhanapurovātām) - having Duryodhana as its fierce, guiding wind (referring to the army) (having Duryodhana as its guiding wind)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duryodhanapurovāta

duryodhanapurovāta - having Duryodhana as the front wind/guiding wind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duryodhana+purovāta)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (a Kaurava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• purovāta – front wind, guiding wind
  noun (masculine)

रथनागबलाहकाम् (rathanāgabalāhakām) - having chariots and elephants as its clouds

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rathanāgabalāhaka

rathanāgabalāhaka - having chariots and elephants as clouds

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ratha+nāga+balāhaka)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• balāhaka – cloud
  noun (masculine)

वादित्रघोषस्तनिताम् (vāditraghoṣastanitām) - having the roar of musical instruments as its thunder

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāditraghoṣastanita

vāditraghoṣastanita - having the sound/roar of musical instruments as thunder

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vāditra+ghoṣa+stanita)

• vāditra – musical instrument
  noun (neuter)
• ghoṣa – sound, roar, noise
  noun (masculine)
• stanita – thunder, rumble
  noun (neuter)
  Root: stan (class 1)

चापविद्युद्ध्वजईः (cāpavidyuddhvajaīḥ) - by banners that are like flashes of lightning, and bows (by bows, lightning, and banners)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of cāpavidyuddhvaja

cāpavidyuddhvaja - bows, lightning-banners

Compound type : dvandva (cāpa+vidyuddhvaja)

• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine)
• vidyuddhvaja – lightning-banner (banner like lightning)
  noun (masculine)

वृताम् (vṛtām) - enveloped by (the aforementioned) (enveloped, surrounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛtā

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the verb root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)