महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-129, verse-25

गोमायुबडसंघुष्टा शक्तिध्वजसमाकुला ।
दारुणाभिरुता घोरा क्ष्वेडितोत्क्रुष्टनादिता ॥२५॥

25. gomāyubaḍasaṁghuṣṭā śaktidhvajasamākulā ,
dāruṇābhirutā ghorā kṣveḍitotkruṣṭanāditā.

25. gomāyu-baḍa-saṃghuṣṭā śakti-dhvaja-samākulā
dāruṇābhirutā ghorā kṣveḍitotkruṣṭanāditā

25. ghorā gomāyu-baḍa-saṃghuṣṭā śakti-dhvaja-samākulā
dāruṇābhirutā kṣveḍitotkruṣṭanāditā

25. The terrible army resounded with the howls of jackals, was crowded with spears (śakti) and banners, and filled with dreadful sounds, roars, and cries.

Words meanings summery:

• गोमायु-बड-संघुष्टा (gomāyu-baḍa-saṁghuṣṭā) - resounded with the howls of jackals

• शक्ति-ध्वज-समाकुला (śakti-dhvaja-samākulā) - crowded with spears and banners

• दारुणाभिरुता (dāruṇābhirutā) - filled with dreadful sounds

• घोरा (ghorā) - terrible (terrible, dreadful, awful)

• क्ष्वेडितोत्क्रुष्टनादिता (kṣveḍitotkruṣṭanāditā) - filled with roars and cries

Words meanings and morphology

गोमायु-बड-संघुष्टा (gomāyu-baḍa-saṁghuṣṭā) - resounded with the howls of jackals

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gomāyu-baḍa-saṃghuṣṭa

gomāyu-baḍa-saṁghuṣṭa - resounded with the howls of jackals

Past Passive Participle (for saṃghuṣṭa)

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'that by which there is a resounding with jackal howls'. The final part 'saṃghuṣṭa' is a PPP from 'saṃ-ghuṣ' (to resound) and 'gomāyu-baḍa' acts as the instrumental cause.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gomāyu-baḍa+saṃghuṣṭa)

• gomāyu-baḍa – howls of jackals
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: 'gomāyu' (jackal) and 'baḍa' (howl, cry).
• saṃghuṣṭa – resounded, loudly proclaimed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root `ghuṣ` (to sound) with the prefix `sam`.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied feminine noun like 'senā' (army).

शक्ति-ध्वज-समाकुला (śakti-dhvaja-samākulā) - crowded with spears and banners

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakti-dhvaja-samākula

śakti-dhvaja-samākula - crowded or filled with spears (śakti) and banners

Past Passive Participle (for samākula)

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'that which is crowded/filled with spears and banners'. 'Samākula' is a PPP from 'sam-ā-kul' (to crowd, fill).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śakti-dhvaja+samākula)

• śakti-dhvaja – spears and banners
  noun (masculine)
  Dvandva compound of 'śakti' (spear, javelin) and 'dhvaja' (banner, flag).
• samākula – crowded, filled, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root `kul` (to collect, heap) with prefixes `sam` and `ā`.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kul (class 10)

Note: Agrees with an implied feminine noun like 'senā' (army).

दारुणाभिरुता (dāruṇābhirutā) - filled with dreadful sounds

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dāruṇābhiruta

dāruṇābhiruta - filled with dreadful sounds

Past Passive Participle (for abhiruta)

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'that which has dreadful sounds'. 'Abhiruta' is a PPP from 'abhi-ru' (to roar, sound).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dāruṇa+abhiruta)

• dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, harsh
  adjective (neuter)
• abhiruta – sounded, filled with sound
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root `ru` (to roar, sound) with the prefix `abhi`.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Agrees with an implied feminine noun like 'senā' (army).

घोरा (ghorā) - terrible (terrible, dreadful, awful)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, awful, fearful

Note: Agrees with an implied feminine noun like 'senā' (army).

क्ष्वेडितोत्क्रुष्टनादिता (kṣveḍitotkruṣṭanāditā) - filled with roars and cries

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣveḍitotkruṣṭanādita

kṣveḍitotkruṣṭanādita - filled with roars and loud cries

Past Passive Participle (for nādita)

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'that which has roars and loud cries'. 'Nādita' is a PPP from 'nad' (to sound, roar) and 'kṣveḍita-utkruṣṭa' acts as the source of sound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣveḍita-utkruṣṭa+nādita)

• kṣveḍita-utkruṣṭa – roars and loud cries
  noun (neuter)
  Dvandva compound of 'kṣveḍita' (roar, yell) and 'utkruṣṭa' (loud cry). Both are participles used as nouns.
• nādita – sounded, resounded, filled with sound
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from the root `nad` (to roar, sound).
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied feminine noun like 'senā' (army).