महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-129, verse-3

केऽरक्षन्दक्षिणं चक्रमाचार्यस्य महात्मनः ।
के चोत्तरमरक्षन्त निघ्नतः शात्रवान्रणे ॥३॥

3. ke'rakṣandakṣiṇaṁ cakramācāryasya mahātmanaḥ ,
ke cottaramarakṣanta nighnataḥ śātravānraṇe.

3. ke arakṣan dakṣiṇam cakram ācāryasya mahātmanaḥ
| ke ca uttaram arakṣanta nighnataḥ śātravān raṇe

3. mahātmanaḥ ācāryasya dakṣiṇam cakram ke arakṣan
raṇe śātravān nighnataḥ uttaram ca ke arakṣanta

3. Who protected the right flank of that great-souled (mahātman) preceptor (ācārya)? And who protected his left flank while he was striking down enemies in battle?

Words meanings summery:

• के (ke) - who (plural)

• अरक्षन् (arakṣan) - protected, guarded

• दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right (flank) (right, southern)

• चक्रम् (cakram) - flank (of a chariot) (wheel, disc, circle)

• आचार्यस्य (ācāryasya) - of the preceptor Drona (of the preceptor, of the teacher)

• महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one, of the noble one

• के (ke) - who (plural)

• च (ca) - and

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - left (flank) (left, northern, upper)

• अरक्षन्त (arakṣanta) - protected (protected themselves, protected (for themselves))

• निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - striking down (striking down, slaying, killing)

• शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies, adversaries

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the war

Words meanings and morphology

के (ke) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, which, what

अरक्षन् (arakṣan) - protected, guarded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of rakṣ

Imperfect

3rd person plural active

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

दक्षिणम् (dakṣiṇam) - right (flank) (right, southern)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - right, southern, skillful, clever

Note: Agreeing with 'cakram' (implied as 'chariot wheel' or 'flank').

चक्रम् (cakram) - flank (of a chariot) (wheel, disc, circle)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cakra

cakra - wheel, disc, circle, army division

आचार्यस्य (ācāryasya) - of the preceptor Drona (of the preceptor, of the teacher)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - preceptor, teacher, master

महात्मनः (mahātmanaḥ) - of the great-souled one, of the noble one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, (a great person)

Compound 'mahā' + 'ātman'

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, living being
  noun (masculine)

के (ke) - who (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, which, what

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - left (flank) (left, northern, upper)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - northern, upper, left (side), later, following

अरक्षन्त (arakṣanta) - protected (protected themselves, protected (for themselves))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of rakṣ

Imperfect

3rd person plural middle

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - striking down (striking down, slaying, killing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - striking down, slaying, killing, destroying

Present Active Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, slay) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies, adversaries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, adversary, foe

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, fight