महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-12, verse-31

ततः प्रवृत्ताः पुण्योदा नद्यः कुरुकुलोद्वह ।
सहस्राणां शतान्येव यतो वर्षति वासवः ॥३१॥

31. tataḥ pravṛttāḥ puṇyodā nadyaḥ kurukulodvaha ,
sahasrāṇāṁ śatānyeva yato varṣati vāsavaḥ.

31. tataḥ pravṛttāḥ puṇya-udāḥ nadyaḥ kurukulodvaha
sahasrāṇām śatāni eva yataḥ varṣati vāsavaḥ

31. kurukulodvaha tataḥ sahasrāṇām śatāni eva
puṇya-udāḥ nadyaḥ pravṛttāḥ yataḥ vāsavaḥ varṣati

31. From there, O upholder of the Kuru lineage (kurukulodvaha), hundreds of thousands of rivers with sacred waters flow forth. It is from that place (yataḥ) that Indra (Vāsava) sends rain.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, therefore

• प्रवृत्ताः (pravṛttāḥ) - flowing, commenced, originated, arisen

• पुण्य-उदाः (puṇya-udāḥ) - having sacred waters

• नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

• कुरुकुलोद्वह (kurukulodvaha) - A vocative address to a Kuru prince (e.g., Yudhisthira or Dhritarashtra, given the context of Mahabharata) (O upholder of the Kuru lineage, O best of the Kuru family)

• सहस्राणाम् (sahasrāṇām) - of thousands

• शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

• यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from whom, because, since

• वर्षति (varṣati) - rains, causes to rain

• वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - from there, then, therefore

(indeclinable)

प्रवृत्ताः (pravṛttāḥ) - flowing, commenced, originated, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, flowing, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛt' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nadyaḥ'

पुण्य-उदाः (puṇya-udāḥ) - having sacred waters

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of puṇya-udā

puṇya-udā - having sacred water (udaka)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (puṇya+udaka)

• puṇya – sacred, holy, virtuous
  adjective
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'nadyaḥ'

नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

कुरुकुलोद्वह (kurukulodvaha) - A vocative address to a Kuru prince (e.g., Yudhisthira or Dhritarashtra, given the context of Mahabharata) (O upholder of the Kuru lineage, O best of the Kuru family)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurukulodvaha

kurukulodvaha - upholder/bearer of the Kuru lineage

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+kula+udvaha)

• kuru – name of an ancient king, his descendants, a country
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race
  noun (neuter)
• udvaha – bearing, carrying, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  Verbal Derivative
  Derived from root 'vah' with prefix 'ud'
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vah (class 1)

सहस्राणाम् (sahasrāṇām) - of thousands

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sahasra

sahasra - thousand

शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śata

śata - hundred

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

(indeclinable)

यतः (yataḥ) - from where, from whom, because, since

(indeclinable)

वर्षति (varṣati) - rains, causes to rain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vṛṣ

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Indra (king of gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - relating to the Vasus; a name of Indra