महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-12, verse-25

परिवार्य तु कौरव्य दैर्घ्यं ह्रस्वत्वमेव च ।
जम्बूद्वीपेन विख्यातस्तस्य मध्ये महाद्रुमः ॥२५॥

25. parivārya tu kauravya dairghyaṁ hrasvatvameva ca ,
jambūdvīpena vikhyātastasya madhye mahādrumaḥ.

25. parivārya tu kauravya dairghyam hrasvatvam eva ca
jambūdvīpena vikhyātaḥ tasya madhye mahādrumaḥ

25. kauravya tu dairghyam hrasvatvam eva ca parivārya
jambūdvīpena vikhyātaḥ tasya madhye mahādrumaḥ

25. O scion of Kuru (Kauravya), encompassing both great length and relative shortness, it became renowned as Jambudvīpa, and in its middle stands a great tree.

Words meanings summery:

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having encompassed, having surrounded

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, and, moreover

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O scion of Kuru, O descendant of Kuru

• दैर्घ्यम् (dairghyam) - length, extent

• ह्रस्वत्वम् (hrasvatvam) - shortness, brevity

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, too

• च (ca) - and, also

• जम्बूद्वीपेन (jambūdvīpena) - by Jambudvīpa, as Jambudvīpa

• विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, well-known

• तस्य (tasya) - of that Jambudvīpa (of it, of that)

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, amidst

• महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - a great tree

Words meanings and morphology

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having encompassed, having surrounded

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Indeclinable participle (absolutive) from the root vṛ (to cover, choose) with prefix pari- and the causative suffix -āpaya, then -ya.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 9)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, and, moreover

(indeclinable)

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O scion of Kuru, O descendant of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru

दैर्घ्यम् (dairghyam) - length, extent

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dairghya

dairghya - length, extent, height

Derived from dīrgha (long) with the suffix -ya forming an abstract noun.

Note: Also nominative neuter.

ह्रस्वत्वम् (hrasvatvam) - shortness, brevity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hrasvatva

hrasvatva - shortness, brevity

Derived from hrasva (short) with the suffix -tva forming an abstract noun.

Note: Also nominative neuter.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, too

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जम्बूद्वीपेन (jambūdvīpena) - by Jambudvīpa, as Jambudvīpa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jambūdvīpa

jambūdvīpa - the Rose-Apple Island, one of the seven continents described in Hindu cosmology

Compound type : tatpurusha (jambū+dvīpa)

• jambū – rose-apple tree, rose-apple fruit
  noun (feminine)
• dvīpa – island, continent, region
  noun (masculine)

विख्यातः (vikhyātaḥ) - famous, renowned, well-known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikhyāta

vikhyāta - famous, renowned, well-known

Past Passive Participle

From root khyā (to tell, to be known) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies an implied subject like 'the island'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that Jambudvīpa (of it, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, amidst

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, center

Note: Used adverbially.

महाद्रुमः (mahādrumaḥ) - a great tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādruma

mahādruma - a great tree

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+druma)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• druma – tree
  noun (masculine)