महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-12, verse-20

श्यामो यस्मात्प्रवृत्तो वै तत्ते वक्ष्यामि भारत ।
आस्तेऽत्र भगवान्कृष्णस्तत्कान्त्या श्यामतां गतः ॥२०॥

20. śyāmo yasmātpravṛtto vai tatte vakṣyāmi bhārata ,
āste'tra bhagavānkṛṣṇastatkāntyā śyāmatāṁ gataḥ.

20. śyāmaḥ yasmāt pravṛttaḥ vai tat te vakṣyāmi bhārata
āste atra bhagavān kṛṣṇaḥ tatkāntyā śyāmatām gataḥ

20. bhārata yasmāt śyāmaḥ vai pravṛttaḥ tat te vakṣyāmi
atra bhagavān kṛṣṇaḥ āste tatkāntyā śyāmatām gataḥ

20. O Bhārata, I will certainly tell you the reason why it became dark (śyāmatā). Here resides the revered Lord Kṛṣṇa, who has attained a dark hue by His own splendor.

Words meanings summery:

• श्यामः (śyāmaḥ) - dark, black, dark-blue

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of whom/which

• प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - originated, proceeded, started

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will speak

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

• आस्ते (āste) - resides, exists, sits

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - revered, opulent, blessed, the Lord

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa, the dark one

• तत्कान्त्या (tatkāntyā) - by his splendor, by its luster

• श्यामताम् (śyāmatām) - dark hue, dark color, darkness

• गतः (gataḥ) - attained, gone, reached

Words meanings and morphology

श्यामः (śyāmaḥ) - dark, black, dark-blue

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śyāma

śyāma - dark, black, dark-blue, green

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because of whom/which

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to the cause or origin.

प्रवृत्तः (pravṛttaḥ) - originated, proceeded, started

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - proceeded, originated, begun, engaged

Past Passive Participle

From pra- √vṛt (to turn, exist) + kta

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Refers to śyāmaḥ.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the reason or the matter to be told.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Dative singular of 'you'.

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will speak

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of √vac

Future tense, 1st person, singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bhārata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian

आस्ते (āste) - resides, exists, sits

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √ās

Present tense, 3rd person, singular, middle voice

Root: ās (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - revered, opulent, blessed, the Lord

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, divine, revered, Lord

Note: Refers to Lord Kṛṣṇa.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa, the dark one

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - dark, black, Lord Kṛṣṇa

तत्कान्त्या (tatkāntyā) - by his splendor, by its luster

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tatkānti

tatkānti - his splendor, its luster

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tad+kānti)

• tad – that, his/its
  pronoun
• kānti – splendor, luster, beauty
  noun (feminine)

Note: Instrumental singular of tatkānti.

श्यामताम् (śyāmatām) - dark hue, dark color, darkness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śyāmatā

śyāmatā - dark hue, dark color, darkness

Derived from śyāma + tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Object of 'gataḥ'.

गतः (gataḥ) - attained, gone, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, gone to, obtained, attained

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go) + kta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies Kṛṣṇaḥ.