महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-12, verse-19

संजय उवाच ।
सर्वेष्वेव महाप्राज्ञ द्वीपेषु कुरुनन्दन ।
गौरः कृष्णश्च वर्णौ द्वौ तयोर्वर्णान्तरं नृप ॥१९॥

19. saṁjaya uvāca ,
sarveṣveva mahāprājña dvīpeṣu kurunandana ,
gauraḥ kṛṣṇaśca varṇau dvau tayorvarṇāntaraṁ nṛpa.

19. saṃjayaḥ uvāca sarveṣu eva mahāprājña dvīpeṣu kurunandana
gauraḥ kṛṣṇaḥ ca varṇau dvau tayoḥ varṇāntaram nṛpa

19. saṃjayaḥ uvāca: mahāprājña,
kurunandana,
nṛpa,
sarveṣu dvīpeṣu eva dvau varṇau,
gauraḥ ca kṛṣṇaḥ [ca,
staḥ].
tayoḥ [paraṃ] varṇāntaram [na asti].

19. Saṃjaya said: 'O greatly wise one, O delight of the Kurus, in all the continents (dvīpas), there are indeed two primary complexions (varṇas): fair and dark. O King, there is no other color beyond these two.'

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O greatly wise one)

• द्वीपेषु (dvīpeṣu) - in the continents (in the islands, in the continents)

• कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delight of the Kurus (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O delight of the Kurus)

• गौरः (gauraḥ) - fair (complexion) (fair, white, yellowish-white)

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - dark (complexion) (dark, black, blue-black, Krishna)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वर्णौ (varṇau) - two complexions (two colors, two complexions, two classes/castes)

• द्वौ (dvau) - two

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of these two (colors) (of them (two))

• वर्णान्तरम् (varṇāntaram) - another color (complexion) (another color, difference of color, another class/caste)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (Saṃjaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (proper name, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

Note: The speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Irregular perfect form of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with dvīpeṣu.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - O greatly wise one (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O greatly wise one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, knowing
  adjective

Note: Used as an epithet for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

द्वीपेषु (dvīpeṣu) - in the continents (in the islands, in the continents)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dvīpa

dvīpa - island, continent, division of the earth

कुरुनन्दन (kurunandana) - O delight of the Kurus (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O delight of the Kurus)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kurunandana

kurunandana - delight of the Kurus, son of Kuru

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+nandana)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – delight, son, gladdening
  noun (masculine)

Note: Another epithet for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

गौरः (gauraḥ) - fair (complexion) (fair, white, yellowish-white)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gaura

gaura - fair, white, yellowish-white, golden

Note: Refers to one of the 'varṇau'.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - dark (complexion) (dark, black, blue-black, Krishna)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - dark, black, blue-black, Krishna

Note: Refers to one of the 'varṇau'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वर्णौ (varṇau) - two complexions (two colors, two complexions, two classes/castes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of varṇa

varṇa - color, complexion, class, caste

द्वौ (dvau) - two

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with varṇau.

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of these two (colors) (of them (two))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to gauraḥ and kṛṣṇaḥ varṇau.

वर्णान्तरम् (varṇāntaram) - another color (complexion) (another color, difference of color, another class/caste)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṇāntara

varṇāntara - another color, difference of color, another class/caste

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṇa+antara)

• varṇa – color, complexion, class, caste
  noun (masculine)
• antara – other, different, interior, interval
  adjective

Note: Implied 'na asti' (there is not).

नृप (nṛpa) - O King (addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protecting, guarding
  adjective
  Agent noun from √pā
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Another vocative for Dhṛtarāṣṭra.