महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-12, verse-12

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
शाकद्वीपस्य संक्षेपो यथावदिह संजय ।
उक्तस्त्वया महाभाग विस्तरं ब्रूहि तत्त्वतः ॥१२॥

12. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
śākadvīpasya saṁkṣepo yathāvadiha saṁjaya ,
uktastvayā mahābhāga vistaraṁ brūhi tattvataḥ.

12. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca | śākadvīpasya saṃkṣepaḥ yathāvat iha
saṃjaya | uktaḥ tvayā mahābhāga vistaraṃ brūhi tattvataḥ

12. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca mahābhāga saṃjaya tvayā iha śākadvīpasya
saṃkṣepaḥ yathāvat uktaḥ tattvataḥ vistaraṃ brūhi

12. Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: O illustrious Saṃjaya, you have properly provided a summary of Śākadvīpa here. Now, please describe its full extent in essence.

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• शाकद्वीपस्य (śākadvīpasya) - of Śākadvīpa

• संक्षेपः (saṁkṣepaḥ) - summary, abridgment, brief account

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, accurately, as it should be

• इह (iha) - here, in this place, in this matter

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, told, described

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one, O illustrious one

• विस्तरं (vistaraṁ) - the detailed account, the expansion, the elaboration

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, truthfully, in essence, in reality

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a proper name, lit. 'he who holds the kingdom')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √dhṛ (to hold, bear) with suffix -ta.
  Root: √dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect (Lit) form

Root of class 2, aorist/perfect form (uvāca is the perfect form of √vac).

Root: √vac (class 2)

शाकद्वीपस्य (śākadvīpasya) - of Śākadvīpa

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śākadvīpa

śākadvīpa - Śākadvīpa (name of a continent or island)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śāka+dvīpa)

• śāka – vegetable, herb, a specific tree (Ficus religiosa)
  noun (neuter)
• dvīpa – island, continent, region
  noun (masculine)

संक्षेपः (saṁkṣepaḥ) - summary, abridgment, brief account

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkṣepa

saṁkṣepa - summary, abridgment, brief statement

Derived from saṃ-√kṣip (to throw together, summarize) with suffix -a.

Prefix: sam

Root: √kṣip (class 6)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, accurately, as it should be

(indeclinable)

Derived from yathā (as) with suffix -vat.

इह (iha) - here, in this place, in this matter

(indeclinable)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (a proper name, the charioteer and counselor of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, told, described

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vac (to speak) with suffix -ta, with vocalic alternation.

Root: √vac (class 2)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, common gender)

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O greatly fortunate one, O illustrious one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - greatly fortunate, illustrious, noble, exalted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √bhaj (to divide, obtain) with suffix -a.
  Root: √bhaj (class 1)

विस्तरं (vistaraṁ) - the detailed account, the expansion, the elaboration

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, expansion, detailed account

Derived from vi-√stṛ (to spread out) with suffix -a.

Prefix: vi

Root: √stṛ (class 5)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √brū

Imperative form

Root of class 2.

Root: √brū (class 2)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in truth, truthfully, in essence, in reality

(indeclinable)

Derived from tattva (truth, reality) with suffix -tas (ablative adverbial).