महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-153, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः शांतनवं भीष्मं प्राञ्जलिर्धृतराष्ट्रजः ।
सह सर्वैर्महीपालैरिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ śāṁtanavaṁ bhīṣmaṁ prāñjalirdhṛtarāṣṭrajaḥ ,
saha sarvairmahīpālairidaṁ vacanamabravīt.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tataḥ śāntanavam bhīṣmam prāñjaliḥ
dhṛtarāṣṭrajaḥ saha sarvaiḥ mahīpālaiḥ idam vacanam abravīt

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca.
tataḥ prāñjaliḥ dhṛtarāṣṭrajaḥ sarvaiḥ mahīpālaiḥ saha śāntanavam bhīṣmam idam vacanam abravīt.

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana), with folded hands and accompanied by all the kings, spoke these words to Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the sage Vaiśampāyana, narrator of the Mahabharata (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu (the son of Śāntanu)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (a gesture of respect)

• धृतराष्ट्रजः (dhṛtarāṣṭrajaḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - with all

• महीपालैः (mahīpālaiḥ) - with the kings, with the rulers

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the sage Vaiśampāyana, narrator of the Mahabharata (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana, a sage and disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata to Janamejaya

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect 3rd singular

From root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Irregular reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - Bhīṣma, the son of Śāntanu (the son of Śāntanu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Śāntanu; Bhīṣma

Derivative of Śāntanu.

Note: Refers to Bhīṣma.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a name); terrible, formidable

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (a gesture of respect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - having folded hands, with palms joined in supplication or reverence

Compound of pra (before, forward) and añjali (folded hands).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, forth, before
  indeclinable
• añjali – hollow of the hands, folded hands
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dhṛtarāṣṭrajaḥ'.

धृतराष्ट्रजः (dhṛtarāṣṭrajaḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭraja

dhṛtarāṣṭraja - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Compound of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and ja (born from).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛtarāṣṭra+ja)

• dhṛtarāṣṭra – Dhṛtarāṣṭra (a king's name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  From root jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: The subject of 'abravīt'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - with all

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'mahīpālaiḥ' and is governed by 'saha'.

महीपालैः (mahīpālaiḥ) - with the kings, with the rulers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, ruler (lit. earth-protector)

Compound of mahī (earth) and pāla (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, declaration

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect 3rd singular

From root brū, imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Augment 'a' before the root.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'dhṛtarāṣṭrajaḥ'.