महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-7

द्युमत्सेन उवाच ।
व्रतं भिन्धीति वक्तुं त्वां नास्मि शक्तः कथंचन ।
पारयस्वेति वचनं युक्तमस्मद्विधो वदेत् ॥७॥

7. dyumatsena uvāca ,
vrataṁ bhindhīti vaktuṁ tvāṁ nāsmi śaktaḥ kathaṁcana ,
pārayasveti vacanaṁ yuktamasmadvidho vadet.

7. dyumatsenaḥ uvāca | vratam bhindhi
iti vaktum tvām na asmi śaktaḥ
kathaṃcana | pārayasva iti
vacanam yuktam asmadvidhaḥ vadet

7. Dyamatsena said: "I am certainly not able to tell you to break your vow (vrata). Instead, it is appropriate for someone like me to say, 'complete your vow.'"

Words meanings summery:

• द्युमत्सेनः (dyumatsenaḥ) - Dyamatsena

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

• भिन्धि (bhindhi) - break

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say, to tell

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• न (na) - not

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - able, capable

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - certainly, by no means (with negation), in any way

• पारयस्व (pārayasva) - complete, fulfill

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, appropriate, fitting

• अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - one like me, a person like us

• वदेत् (vadet) - should speak/say

Words meanings and morphology

द्युमत्सेनः (dyumatsenaḥ) - Dyamatsena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dyumatsena

dyumatsena - Dyamatsena (a proper name, father of Satyavan)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root vac, perfect (lit) 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, sacred observance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, religious observance, sacred duty, discipline

भिन्धि (bhindhi) - break

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhid

Imperative Mood

Root bhid (7th class), imperative (loṭ) 2nd person singular, active voice

Root: bhid (class 7)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak, to say, to tell

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive (tumun) of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

Root as (2nd class), present (laṭ) 1st person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - able, capable

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śak (to be able), with kta suffix

Root: śak (class 5)

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - certainly, by no means (with negation), in any way

(indeclinable)

पारयस्व (pārayasva) - complete, fulfill

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of pārayasva

Imperative Mood

Causative form of root pṛ (to fill, to cross) or pār (to complete), imperative (loṭ) 2nd person singular, middle voice

Root: pṛ (class 3)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotative particle)

(indeclinable)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech

nominalization

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ana

Root: vac (class 2)

युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper, appropriate, fitting

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, endowed with, suitable, proper, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join, to apply), with kta suffix

Root: yuj (class 7)

अस्मद्विधः (asmadvidhaḥ) - one like me, a person like us

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asmadvidha

asmadvidha - like us, of our kind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (asmad+vidha)

• asmad – I, we (stem for 1st person pronoun)
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

वदेत् (vadet) - should speak/say

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vad

Optative Mood

Root vad (1st class), optative (liṅ) 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vad (class 1)