महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-12

अवैधव्याशिषस्ते तु सावित्र्यर्थं हिताः शुभाः ।
ऊचुस्तपस्विनः सर्वे तपोवननिवासिनः ॥१२॥

12. avaidhavyāśiṣaste tu sāvitryarthaṁ hitāḥ śubhāḥ ,
ūcustapasvinaḥ sarve tapovananivāsinaḥ.

12. avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ te tu sāvitryartham hitāḥ
śubhāḥ ūcuḥ tapasvinaḥ sarve tapovananivāsinaḥ

12. All those well-wishing and auspicious ascetics residing in the hermitage then offered blessings for Savitri's sake, wishing her to avoid widowhood (avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• अवैधव्याशिषः (avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ) - blessings for perpetual conjugal life, blessings for not becoming a widow

• ते (te) - they, those

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सावित्र्यर्थम् (sāvitryartham) - for Savitri's sake, for the purpose of Savitri

• हिताः (hitāḥ) - beneficial, well-wishing, suitable

• शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, good, beautiful

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• तपोवननिवासिनः (tapovananivāsinaḥ) - residents of the hermitage

Words meanings and morphology

अवैधव्याशिषः (avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ) - blessings for perpetual conjugal life, blessings for not becoming a widow

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of avaidhavyāśiṣ

avaidhavyāśiṣ - blessing of non-widowhood, blessing for perpetual conjugal happiness

Compound: 'avaidhavya' (non-widowhood) + 'āśiṣ' (blessing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (avaidhavya+āśiṣ)

• avaidhavya – non-widowhood, state of not being a widow
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'a' (not) + 'vidhavā' (widow).
• āśiṣ – blessing, wish, prayer
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the nature of the blessings being offered.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the ascetics.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: A particle used for emphasis or transition.

सावित्र्यर्थम् (sāvitryartham) - for Savitri's sake, for the purpose of Savitri

(indeclinable)

Compound: 'Sāvitrī' (proper noun) + 'artha' (purpose, sake).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sāvitrī+artha)

• sāvitrī – Savitri (proper name)
  proper noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, sake, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of 'sāvitryartha', used adverbially.

हिताः (hitāḥ) - beneficial, well-wishing, suitable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hita

hita - beneficial, suitable, well-wishing, good

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dhā' (to place) or 'hi' (to send/impel).

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.

शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, good, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, bright

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Third person plural perfect active form of 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, hermit, one who performs (tapas)

Derived from 'tapas' (austerity).

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.

तपोवननिवासिनः (tapovananivāsinaḥ) - residents of the hermitage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapovananivāsin

tapovananivāsin - resident of an ascetic's grove, forest dweller

Compound: 'tapovana' (hermitage) + 'nivāsin' (resident).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapovana+nivāsin)

• tapovana – hermitage, ascetic's grove
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'tapas' (austerity) and 'vana' (forest).
• nivāsin – resident, dweller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.