महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-12

अवैधव्याशिषस्ते तु सावित्र्यर्थं हिताः शुभाः ।
ऊचुस्तपस्विनः सर्वे तपोवननिवासिनः ॥१२॥

12. avaidhavyāśiṣaste tu sāvitryarthaṁ hitāḥ śubhāḥ ,
ūcustapasvinaḥ sarve tapovananivāsinaḥ.

12. avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ te tu sāvitryartham hitāḥ
śubhāḥ ūcuḥ tapasvinaḥ sarve tapovananivāsinaḥ

12. All those well-wishing and auspicious ascetics residing in the hermitage then offered blessings for Savitri's sake, wishing her to avoid widowhood (avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ).

12. כל בעלי העוצמה הרוחנית, תושבי יער התרגול, בירכו אותה ברכות טובות ומאושרות לטובתה, שלעולם לא תתאלמן.

Words meanings summery:

• अवैधव्याशिषः (avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ) - blessings for perpetual conjugal life, blessings for not becoming a widow

• ते (te) - they, those

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सावित्र्यर्थम् (sāvitryartham) - for Savitri's sake, for the purpose of Savitri

• हिताः (hitāḥ) - beneficial, well-wishing, suitable

• शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, good, beautiful

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• तपोवननिवासिनः (tapovananivāsinaḥ) - residents of the hermitage

Words meanings and morphology

अवैधव्याशिषः (avaidhavyāśiṣaḥ) - blessings for perpetual conjugal life, blessings for not becoming a widow

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of avaidhavyāśiṣ

avaidhavyāśiṣ - blessing of non-widowhood, blessing for perpetual conjugal happiness

Compound: 'avaidhavya' (non-widowhood) + 'āśiṣ' (blessing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (avaidhavya+āśiṣ)

• avaidhavya – non-widowhood, state of not being a widow
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'a' (not) + 'vidhavā' (widow).
• āśiṣ – blessing, wish, prayer
  noun (feminine)

Note: Refers to the nature of the blessings being offered.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the ascetics.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: A particle used for emphasis or transition.

सावित्र्यर्थम् (sāvitryartham) - for Savitri's sake, for the purpose of Savitri

(indeclinable)

Compound: 'Sāvitrī' (proper noun) + 'artha' (purpose, sake).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sāvitrī+artha)

• sāvitrī – Savitri (proper name)
  proper noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, sake, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of 'sāvitryartha', used adverbially.

हिताः (hitāḥ) - beneficial, well-wishing, suitable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hita

hita - beneficial, suitable, well-wishing, good

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dhā' (to place) or 'hi' (to send/impel).

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.

शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious, good, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, bright

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Third person plural perfect active form of 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, hermits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, hermit, one who performs (tapas)

Derived from 'tapas' (austerity).

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.

तपोवननिवासिनः (tapovananivāsinaḥ) - residents of the hermitage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapovananivāsin

tapovananivāsin - resident of an ascetic's grove, forest dweller

Compound: 'tapovana' (hermitage) + 'nivāsin' (resident).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapovana+nivāsin)

• tapovana – hermitage, ascetic's grove
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'tapas' (austerity) and 'vana' (forest).
• nivāsin – resident, dweller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tapasvinaḥ'.

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