महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-20

सत्यवानुवाच ।
वनं न गतपूर्वं ते दुःखः पन्थाश्च भामिनि ।
व्रतोपवासक्षामा च कथं पद्भ्यां गमिष्यसि ॥२०॥

20. satyavānuvāca ,
vanaṁ na gatapūrvaṁ te duḥkhaḥ panthāśca bhāmini ,
vratopavāsakṣāmā ca kathaṁ padbhyāṁ gamiṣyasi.

20. Satyavān uvāca | vanam na gata-pūrvam te duḥkhaḥ panthāḥ ca
bhāmini | vrata-upavāsa-kṣāmā ca katham padbhyām gamiṣyasi

20. Satyavān said, "You have never been to the forest, and the path is difficult, oh beautiful one. Moreover, you are emaciated from vows and fasting, so how will you go on foot?"

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यवान् (satyavān) - Satyavān (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• न (na) - not, no

• गत-पूर्वम् (gata-pūrvam) - never gone to the forest before (gone before, previously experienced)

• ते (te) - by you (implied agent for 'gone before') (by you (possessive, dative, or genitive))

• दुःखः (duḥkhaḥ) - difficult, painful, sorrowful

• पन्थाः (panthāḥ) - path, road, way

• च (ca) - and, also

• भामिनि (bhāmini) - Savitri, as addressed by Satyavān (oh beautiful lady, oh passionate woman)

• व्रत-उपवास-क्षामा (vrata-upavāsa-kṣāmā) - emaciated/weakened by vows and fasting

• च (ca) - and, also

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by feet, on foot

• गमिष्यसि (gamiṣyasi) - you will go

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यवान् (satyavān) - Satyavān (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Satyavān

Satyavān - Satyavān (proper name); possessing truth

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

Perfect tense form of √vac

3rd person singular Perfect active of √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

गत-पूर्वम् (gata-pūrvam) - never gone to the forest before (gone before, previously experienced)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gata-pūrva

gata-pūrva - gone before, previously done/experienced

Compound type : tatpurusha (gata+pūrva)

• gata – gone, arrived, past
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)
• pūrva – former, prior, earlier, previous
  adjective (neuter)

ते (te) - by you (implied agent for 'gone before') (by you (possessive, dative, or genitive))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Alternative form for tava (your)

दुःखः (duḥkhaḥ) - difficult, painful, sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - difficult, painful, sorrowful, unhappy

पन्थाः (panthāḥ) - path, road, way

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, road, way, course

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भामिनि (bhāmini) - Savitri, as addressed by Satyavān (oh beautiful lady, oh passionate woman)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of bhāminī

bhāminī - beautiful woman, lovely woman, passionate woman

व्रत-उपवास-क्षामा (vrata-upavāsa-kṣāmā) - emaciated/weakened by vows and fasting

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vrata-upavāsa-kṣāma

vrata-upavāsa-kṣāma - emaciated/weakened by vows and fasting

Compound type : tatpurusha (vrata+upavāsa+kṣāma)

• vrata – vow, sacred duty, religious observance
  noun (neuter)
• upavāsa – fasting, abstinence from food
  noun (masculine)
• kṣāma – emaciated, weak, thin, exhausted
  adjective (feminine)
  From root kṣai (to waste away)
  Root: kṣai (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - by feet, on foot

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, dual of pad

pad - foot, leg

Root form for pāda (foot)

गमिष्यसि (gamiṣyasi) - you will go

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future tense

2nd person singular Future active of root gam

Root: gam (class 1)