महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-3

चतुर्थेऽहनि मर्तव्यमिति संचिन्त्य भामिनी ।
व्रतं त्रिरात्रमुद्दिश्य दिवारात्रं स्थिताभवत् ॥३॥

3. caturthe'hani martavyamiti saṁcintya bhāminī ,
vrataṁ trirātramuddiśya divārātraṁ sthitābhavat.

3. caturthe ahani martavyam iti saṃcintya bhāminī
vratam trirātram uddiśya divārātram sthitā abhavat

3. Thinking, "On the fourth day, I must die," the beautiful lady (bhāminī) undertook a vow for three nights and remained (awake) day and night.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुर्थे (caturthe) - on the fourth

• अहनि (ahani) - on the day, in the day

• मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - to be died, one must die

• इति (iti) - indicates direct speech or thought (thus, so)

• संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - having thought well, considering

• भामिनी (bhāminī) - Sāvitrī (beautiful woman, passionate woman)

• व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, religious observance

• त्रिरात्रम् (trirātram) - for three nights

• उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - having aimed at, having undertaken, with reference to

• दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night, continually

• स्थिता (sthitā) - remained (awake, vigilant) (having stood, remained, being)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्थे (caturthe) - on the fourth

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of caturtha

caturtha - fourth

ordinal number from catur (four)

Note: Agrees with 'ahani'

अहनि (ahani) - on the day, in the day

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

irregular declension

मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - to be died, one must die

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of martavya

martavya - to be died, mortal

Gerundive

from root mṛ (to die), formed with -tavya suffix

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Impersonal construction (must die)

इति (iti) - indicates direct speech or thought (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

संचिन्त्य (saṁcintya) - having thought well, considering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from root cint (to think) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: cint (class 10)

भामिनी (bhāminī) - Sāvitrī (beautiful woman, passionate woman)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāminī

bhāminī - beautiful lady, passionate woman

feminine form of bhāmin (bright, beautiful)

Root: bhā (class 2)

व्रतम् (vratam) - vow, religious observance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vrata

vrata - vow, religious observance, sacred duty

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Object of uddiśya

त्रिरात्रम् (trirātram) - for three nights

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of trirātra

trirātra - three nights, a period of three nights

Compound type : dvigu (tri+rātra)

• tri – three
  numeral
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)
  Often derived from rātri

Note: Indicates duration for which the vow is undertaken.

उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - having aimed at, having undertaken, with reference to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from root diś (to point, indicate) with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

दिवारात्रम् (divārātram) - day and night, continually

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divārātra

divārātra - day and night

Compound type : dvandva (divā+rātra)

• divā – day, by day
  indeclinable
  from div (sky, day)
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating duration of remaining awake.

स्थिता (sthitā) - remained (awake, vigilant) (having stood, remained, being)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, remained, being, situated

Past Passive Participle

from root sthā (to stand), formed with -ta suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes bhāminī.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)