महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-1

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
ततः काले बहुतिथे व्यतिक्रान्ते कदाचन ।
प्राप्तः स कालो मर्तव्यं यत्र सत्यवता नृप ॥१॥

1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
tataḥ kāle bahutithe vyatikrānte kadācana ,
prāptaḥ sa kālo martavyaṁ yatra satyavatā nṛpa.

1. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca tataḥ kāle bahutithe vyatikrānte
kadācana prāptaḥ sa kālaḥ martavyam yatra satyavatā nṛpa

1. Mārkaṇḍeya said: "Then, O king, after a significant amount of time had passed, that time arrived when Satyavān was destined to die."

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya (Mārkaṇḍeya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

• बहुतिथे (bahutithe) - a long period of time (long, much, extensive)

• व्यतिक्रान्ते (vyatikrānte) - having elapsed, having passed by

• कदाचन (kadācana) - at a certain point in time (at some time, once, at any time)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - (the time) arrived (arrived, reached, attained)

• स (sa) - that specific time (of death) (that)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - the specific time for Satyavān's death (time)

• मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - the death that was destined (that which is to be died, destined to die)

• यत्र (yatra) - when (referring to the time) (where, when)

• सत्यवता (satyavatā) - by Satyavān

• नृप (nṛpa) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (as Mārkaṇḍeya is addressing him) (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya (Mārkaṇḍeya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a famous sage)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect

Irregular perfect form from root vac, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

adverb derived from pronoun tad with tasil suffix.

काले (kāle) - in time, at the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

बहुतिथे (bahutithe) - a long period of time (long, much, extensive)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of bahutitha

bahutitha - much, numerous, extensive

derived from bahu (much)

व्यतिक्रान्ते (vyatikrānte) - having elapsed, having passed by

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vyatikrānta

vyatikrānta - elapsed, passed by, transgressed

Past Passive Participle

From verb vi-ati-kram (to pass over, elapse).

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)

कदाचन (kadācana) - at a certain point in time (at some time, once, at any time)

(indeclinable)

compound of kadā (when) + cana (particle for indefiniteness)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - (the time) arrived (arrived, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From verb prā-āp (to obtain, reach).

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions adjectivally as predicate with kālaḥ.

स (sa) - that specific time (of death) (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

demonstrative pronoun. sa is the nominative singular masculine form.

Note: Precedes kālaḥ.

कालः (kālaḥ) - the specific time for Satyavān's death (time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period, death

मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - the death that was destined (that which is to be died, destined to die)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of martavya

martavya - to be died, destined to die, mortal

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root mṛ (to die) with tavya suffix. Neuter nominative/accusative singular.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Used as a substantive or predicate.

यत्र (yatra) - when (referring to the time) (where, when)

(indeclinable)

locative adverb from pronoun yad

सत्यवता (satyavatā) - by Satyavān

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of satyavat

satyavat - Satyavān (name of Sāvitrī's husband), truthful, possessing truth

vat-ending masculine noun.

नृप (nṛpa) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (as Mārkaṇḍeya is addressing him) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

compound of nṛ (man) + pā (to protect)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pā)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pā – protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)