महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-29

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
उभाभ्यामभ्यनुज्ञाता सा जगाम यशस्विनी ।
सह भर्त्रा हसन्तीव हृदयेन विदूयता ॥२९॥

29. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
ubhābhyāmabhyanujñātā sā jagāma yaśasvinī ,
saha bhartrā hasantīva hṛdayena vidūyatā.

29. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ubhābhyām abhyanujñātā sā jagāma
yaśasvinī saha bhartrā hasantī iva hṛdayena vidūyatā

29. Markandeya said: "Having been given permission by both (her mother and father-in-law), the renowned (yaśasvinī) Savitri went forth. She was with her husband, and though seemingly laughing, her heart (hṛdaya) was deeply pained."

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - by both (Dyumatsena and his wife) (by both)

• अभ्यनुज्ञाता (abhyanujñātā) - having been given permission (permitted, assented to)

• सा (sā) - Savitri (she)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - Savitri, the renowned one (renowned, famous, glorious (feminine))

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - with her husband, Satyavat (with the husband)

• हसन्ती (hasantī) - Savitri, while laughing (laughing (feminine))

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - with her (Savitri's) heart (by the heart, with the heart)

• विदूयता (vidūyatā) - the heart being pained (being pained, distressed, suffering (neuter))

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Markandeya (name of a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense form

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - by both (Dyumatsena and his wife) (by both)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, dual of ubha

ubha - both (pronoun/adjective)

Note: Can be masculine, feminine or neuter for instrumental/dative/ablative dual

अभ्यनुज्ञाता (abhyanujñātā) - having been given permission (permitted, assented to)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, assented to, authorized

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √jñā (to know) with anu- and abhi-

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of abhyanujñāta

सा (sā) - Savitri (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of tad

जगाम (jagāma) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect tense form

3rd person singular perfect active of √gam

Root: gam (class 1)

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - Savitri, the renowned one (renowned, famous, glorious (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - renowned, famous, glorious

from yaśas (fame) + -vin (possessive suffix)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of yaśasvin

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case

भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - with her husband, Satyavat (with the husband)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, lord, supporter

agent noun from √bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

हसन्ती (hasantī) - Savitri, while laughing (laughing (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hasant

hasant - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

PAP of √has (to laugh)

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of hasant

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - with her (Savitri's) heart (by the heart, with the heart)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul

विदूयता (vidūyatā) - the heart being pained (being pained, distressed, suffering (neuter))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vidūyat

vidūyat - being pained, suffering, distressed

Present Middle Participle

PMP of √vidūy (to feel pain, be distressed) (root in passive or middle voice)

Prefix: vi

Root: dūy (class 4)

Note: Neuter instrumental singular of vidūyat, agreeing with hṛdayena