महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-280, verse-29

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
उभाभ्यामभ्यनुज्ञाता सा जगाम यशस्विनी ।
सह भर्त्रा हसन्तीव हृदयेन विदूयता ॥२९॥

29. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
ubhābhyāmabhyanujñātā sā jagāma yaśasvinī ,
saha bhartrā hasantīva hṛdayena vidūyatā.

29. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ubhābhyām abhyanujñātā sā jagāma
yaśasvinī saha bhartrā hasantī iva hṛdayena vidūyatā

29. Markandeya said: "Having been given permission by both (her mother and father-in-law), the renowned (yaśasvinī) Savitri went forth. She was with her husband, and though seemingly laughing, her heart (hṛdaya) was deeply pained."

29. מָארְקַנְדֵיַה אמר, לאחר שקיבלה רשות משניהם, יצאה הנודעת לשם הולכת עם בעלה, כמו מחייכת, אך לבה מתייסר.

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - by both (Dyumatsena and his wife) (by both)

• अभ्यनुज्ञाता (abhyanujñātā) - having been given permission (permitted, assented to)

• सा (sā) - Savitri (she)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - Savitri, the renowned one (renowned, famous, glorious (feminine))

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - with her husband, Satyavat (with the husband)

• हसन्ती (hasantī) - Savitri, while laughing (laughing (feminine))

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - with her (Savitri's) heart (by the heart, with the heart)

• विदूयता (vidūyatā) - the heart being pained (being pained, distressed, suffering (neuter))

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - Markandeya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Markandeya (name of a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect tense form

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

उभाभ्याम् (ubhābhyām) - by both (Dyumatsena and his wife) (by both)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, dual of ubha

ubha - both (pronoun/adjective)

Note: Can be masculine, feminine or neuter for instrumental/dative/ablative dual

अभ्यनुज्ञाता (abhyanujñātā) - having been given permission (permitted, assented to)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, assented to, authorized

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √jñā (to know) with anu- and abhi-

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of abhyanujñāta

सा (sā) - Savitri (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of tad

जगाम (jagāma) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect tense form

3rd person singular perfect active of √gam

Root: gam (class 1)

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - Savitri, the renowned one (renowned, famous, glorious (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - renowned, famous, glorious

from yaśas (fame) + -vin (possessive suffix)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of yaśasvin

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case

भर्त्रा (bhartrā) - with her husband, Satyavat (with the husband)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, lord, supporter

agent noun from √bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

हसन्ती (hasantī) - Savitri, while laughing (laughing (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hasant

hasant - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

PAP of √has (to laugh)

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Feminine nominative singular of hasant

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

हृदयेन (hṛdayena) - with her (Savitri's) heart (by the heart, with the heart)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul

विदूयता (vidūyatā) - the heart being pained (being pained, distressed, suffering (neuter))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vidūyat

vidūyat - being pained, suffering, distressed

Present Middle Participle

PMP of √vidūy (to feel pain, be distressed) (root in passive or middle voice)

Prefix: vi

Root: dūy (class 4)

Note: Neuter instrumental singular of vidūyat, agreeing with hṛdayena

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