महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-169, verse-1

अर्जुन उवाच ।
अदृश्यमानास्ते दैत्या योधयन्ति स्म मायया ।
अदृश्यानस्त्रवीर्येण तानप्यहमयोधयम् ॥१॥

1. arjuna uvāca ,
adṛśyamānāste daityā yodhayanti sma māyayā ,
adṛśyānastravīryeṇa tānapyahamayodhayam.

1. arjuna uvāca adṛśyamānāḥ te daityāḥ yodhayanti sma
māyayā adṛśyān astra-vīryeṇa tān api aham ayodhayām

1. Arjuna said: "Those Daityas, though unseen, were fighting by means of their illusion (māyā). I, for my part, fought those unseen ones with the power of my weapons."

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• अदृश्यमानाः (adṛśyamānāḥ) - being unseen, invisible

• ते (te) - those, they

• दैत्याः (daityāḥ) - Daityas (demons, sons of Diti)

• योधयन्ति (yodhayanti) - they fight, they cause to fight

• स्म (sma) - a particle used with a present tense verb to indicate past action

• मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā), by mystic power

• अदृश्यान् (adṛśyān) - the invisible ones, those who cannot be seen

• अस्त्र-वीर्येण (astra-vīryeṇa) - by the power of weapons, by the might of missiles

• तान् (tān) - them

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अयोधयाम् (ayodhayām) - I fought, I caused to fight

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुन (arjuna) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a central character in the Mahābhārata, the Pandava warrior)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अदृश्यमानाः (adṛśyamānāḥ) - being unseen, invisible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adṛśyamāna

adṛśyamāna - being unseen, invisible

Present Passive Participle

Derived from 'a' (not) + root 'dṛś' (to see) + 'yamāna' (passive participle suffix).

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'daityāḥ'.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दैत्याः (daityāḥ) - Daityas (demons, sons of Diti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daitya

daitya - Daitya, a class of demons, sons of Diti and Kaśyapa

योधयन्ति (yodhayanti) - they fight, they cause to fight

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of yudh

Causative stem from root 'yudh'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past imperfective action: 'they were fighting'.

स्म (sma) - a particle used with a present tense verb to indicate past action

(indeclinable)

मायया (māyayā) - by illusion (māyā), by mystic power

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, supernatural power, divine creative power

अदृश्यान् (adṛśyān) - the invisible ones, those who cannot be seen

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of adṛśya

adṛśya - invisible, not to be seen, imperceptible

Gerundive

Derived from 'a' (not) + root 'dṛś' (to see) + '-ya' (gerundive suffix).

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अस्त्र-वीर्येण (astra-vīryeṇa) - by the power of weapons, by the might of missiles

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of astravīrya

astravīrya - power of weapons/missiles, valor of weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+vīrya)

• astra – weapon, missile, projectile
  noun (neuter)
• vīrya – power, valor, energy, potency
  noun (neuter)

तान् (tān) - them

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

अयोधयाम् (ayodhayām) - I fought, I caused to fight

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Causative stem from root 'yudh'.

Root: yudh (class 4)