महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-47, verse-9

इन्द्रकृष्टैर्वर्तयन्ति धान्यैर्नदीमुखैश्च ये ।
समुद्रनिष्कुटे जाताः परिसिन्धु च मानवाः ॥९॥

9. indrakṛṣṭairvartayanti dhānyairnadīmukhaiśca ye ,
samudraniṣkuṭe jātāḥ parisindhu ca mānavāḥ.

9. indra kṛṣṭaiḥ vartayanti dhānyaiḥ nadīmukhaiḥ ca
ye samudra niṣkuṭe jātāḥ parī sindhu ca mānavāḥ

9. And those people who subsist on rain-fed grains and grains from river mouths, who are born in the coastal groves and along the Sindhu river...

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्र (indra) - Indra (referring to rain) (Indra (Vedic deity))

• कृष्टैः (kṛṣṭaiḥ) - cultivated (by rain) (cultivated, plowed)

• वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they subsist (they cause to exist, they maintain, they subsist)

• धान्यैः (dhānyaiḥ) - with grains (by grains, with grains)

• नदीमुखैः (nadīmukhaiḥ) - by grains from river mouths (by river mouths)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

• समुद्र (samudra) - ocean, sea

• निष्कुटे (niṣkuṭe) - in the coastal groves (in a garden, grove, thicket)

• जाताः (jātāḥ) - born (born, produced, become)

• परी (parī) - along (the river) (around, about, on all sides of)

• सिन्धु (sindhu) - Sindhu river (Sindhu river, river, sea)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - people (humans, people, descendants of Manu)

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्र (indra) - Indra (referring to rain) (Indra (Vedic deity))

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (chief of the devas, god of rain and thunder)

कृष्टैः (kṛṣṭaiḥ) - cultivated (by rain) (cultivated, plowed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kṛṣṭa

kṛṣṭa - cultivated, plowed, tilled

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root kṛṣ (to plow, cultivate)

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

वर्तयन्ति (vartayanti) - they subsist (they cause to exist, they maintain, they subsist)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of vṛt

Causative

Causative form of the root vṛt (to turn, be). Here, 'to cause to exist' or reflexively 'to subsist'.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

धान्यैः (dhānyaiḥ) - with grains (by grains, with grains)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of dhānya

dhānya - grain, corn, cereal

Note: Indicates the means of subsistence.

नदीमुखैः (nadīmukhaiḥ) - by grains from river mouths (by river mouths)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of nadīmukha

nadīmukha - river mouth, estuary

Compound type : tatpurusha (nadī+mukha)

• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – mouth, face, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Co-ordinate with 'dhānyaiḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'indrakṛṣṭaiḥ' and 'nadīmukhaiḥ'.

ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'vartayanti' and refers to 'mānavāḥ'.

समुद्र (samudra) - ocean, sea

(noun)

masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

निष्कुटे (niṣkuṭe) - in the coastal groves (in a garden, grove, thicket)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niṣkuṭa

niṣkuṭa - garden, grove, thicket

Note: Locative case, indicating location. Part of 'samudraniṣkuṭe'.

जाताः (jātāḥ) - born (born, produced, become)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'mānavāḥ'.

परी (parī) - along (the river) (around, about, on all sides of)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage or preposition. The long 'ī' can be a phonetic variant or sandhi effect.

सिन्धु (sindhu) - Sindhu river (Sindhu river, river, sea)

(proper noun)

masculine, singular of sindhu

sindhu - river (especially the Indus), sea

Root: syand (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'samudraniṣkuṭe' and 'parī sindhu'.

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - people (humans, people, descendants of Manu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, man, descendant of Manu

Derived from Manu with -a suffix

Note: Subject of the relative clause, and implicitly, of the larger sentence about tribute.