महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-36, verse-31

दूयते मे मनोऽभीक्ष्णं घातयित्वा महाबलम् ।
भीष्मं शांतनवं वृद्धं द्रोणं च द्विजसत्तमम् ॥३१॥

31. dūyate me mano'bhīkṣṇaṁ ghātayitvā mahābalam ,
bhīṣmaṁ śāṁtanavaṁ vṛddhaṁ droṇaṁ ca dvijasattamam.

31. dūyate me manaḥ abhīkṣṇam ghātayitvā mahābalam
bhīṣmam śāntanavam vṛddham droṇam ca dvijasattamam

31. me manaḥ abhīkṣṇam ghātayitvā mahābalam bhīṣmam
śāntanavam vṛddham ca dvijasattamam droṇam dūyate

31. My mind constantly grieves (dūyate), having caused the slaying of the mighty Bhishma, the aged son of Shantanu, and Drona, the most excellent among Brahmins.

Words meanings summery:

• दूयते (dūyate) - grieves (grieves, suffers, pains)

• मे (me) - my (to me, my)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, heart)

• अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - constantly (constantly, repeatedly, frequently)

• घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused the slaying of (having caused to kill, having slain)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the mighty (mighty, very strong, of great power)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name))

• शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - the son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

• वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - aged (old, aged, grown)

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (Drona (name))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• द्विजसत्तमम् (dvijasattamam) - the most excellent among Brahmins (best among Brahmins, most excellent of the twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

दूयते (dūyate) - grieves (grieves, suffers, pains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √dū

Present Indicative

Root `dū` (4th class, `dūya`) in middle voice, ātmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Root: √dū (class 4)

मे (me) - my (to me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic form of `asmad` (1st person pronoun), dative or genitive singular.

Note: Here genitive for 'my mind'.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit

अभीक्ष्णम् (abhīkṣṇam) - constantly (constantly, repeatedly, frequently)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of the accusative singular of `abhīkṣṇa` (constant).

घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused the slaying of (having caused to kill, having slain)

(indeclinable)

Causative Gerund (absolutive)

From the causative stem `ghātaya` of root `han`, with suffix `tvā`.

Root: √han (class 2)

Note: Implies 'having caused others to kill' or 'having been instrumental in killing'.

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the mighty (mighty, very strong, of great power)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (Bhishma (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a name, 'the terrible one')

शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - the son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu

Patronymic derivation from 'Śāntanu'.

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

वृद्धम् (vṛddham) - aged (old, aged, grown)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased

Past Passive Participle

From root `vṛdh` (to grow).

Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (Drona (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a name, also a measure of grain, a kind of vessel)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

द्विजसत्तमम् (dvijasattamam) - the most excellent among Brahmins (best among Brahmins, most excellent of the twice-born)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among Brahmins, most excellent of the twice-born

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix `tama` applied to `sat` (good, existing).

Note: Refers to Drona.