महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-36, verse-30

का नु तेषां गतिर्ब्रह्मन्मित्रार्थे ये हता मृधे ।
तथैव पुत्रपौत्राणां मम ये निहता युधि ॥३०॥

30. kā nu teṣāṁ gatirbrahmanmitrārthe ye hatā mṛdhe ,
tathaiva putrapautrāṇāṁ mama ye nihatā yudhi.

30. kā nu teṣām gatiḥ brahman mitrārthe ye hatāḥ mṛdhe
tathā eva putrapautrāṇām mama ye nihatāḥ yudhi

30. brahman nu kā gatiḥ teṣām ye mitrārthe mṛdhe hatāḥ
tathā eva mama putrapautrāṇām ye yudhi nihatāḥ

30. O (brahman), what indeed is the ultimate destiny of those who were slain in battle for the sake of a friend? And similarly, what is the fate of my own sons and grandsons who were killed in the war?

Words meanings summery:

• का (kā) - Asking about the nature of their afterlife. (what, which)

• नु (nu) - Expresses inquiry or a slight uncertainty. (indeed, now, then (interrogative or emphatic particle))

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - Refers to the friends/allies mentioned implicitly, specifically those who died for a friend's sake. (of them, their)

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - Refers to their ultimate destiny after death. (path, movement, course, fate, destination, liberation (mokṣa))

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Address to Sañjaya, who is narrating. (O (brahman), O holy one, O priest)

• मित्रार्थे (mitrārthe) - Refers to fighting and dying to support an ally. (for the sake of a friend)

• ये (ye) - Refers to the warriors mentioned in the previous verse. (who (plural))

• हताः (hatāḥ) - Died in the battle. (killed, slain, struck)

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - The place where they were slain. (in battle, in combat, in the fight)

• तथा (tathā) - Introduces the second part of the question, regarding his own family. (similarly, likewise, thus)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the similarity or directness of the question. (indeed, only, just)

• पुत्रपौत्राणाम् (putrapautrāṇām) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's direct descendants (Duryodhana and others). (of sons and grandsons)

• मम (mama) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's own lineage. (my, of me)

• ये (ye) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons and grandsons. (who (plural))

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - Died in the Kurukṣetra War. (killed, slain, destroyed)

• युधि (yudhi) - The Kurukṣetra War. (in battle, in war, in fight)

Words meanings and morphology

का (kā) - Asking about the nature of their afterlife. (what, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Predicate for 'gatiḥ'.

नु (nu) - Expresses inquiry or a slight uncertainty. (indeed, now, then (interrogative or emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

Interrogative or emphatic particle.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - Refers to the friends/allies mentioned implicitly, specifically those who died for a friend's sake. (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Possessive for 'gatiḥ'.

गतिः (gatiḥ) - Refers to their ultimate destiny after death. (path, movement, course, fate, destination, liberation (mokṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, movement, path, fate, destination, state, means of attaining

From root √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the question.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Address to Sañjaya, who is narrating. (O (brahman), O holy one, O priest)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - a (brahman) (member of the priestly class), one acquainted with sacred knowledge, a deity

N-stem.

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Address.

मित्रार्थे (mitrārthe) - Refers to fighting and dying to support an ally. (for the sake of a friend)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mitrārtha

mitrārtha - purpose of a friend, for a friend's sake

Compound of 'mitra' (friend) and 'artha' (purpose, sake).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mitra+artha)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Expresses purpose.

ये (ye) - Refers to the warriors mentioned in the previous verse. (who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'hatāḥ'.

हताः (hatāḥ) - Died in the battle. (killed, slain, struck)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, injured

Past Passive Participle

From root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate for 'ye'.

मृधे (mṛdhe) - The place where they were slain. (in battle, in combat, in the fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat, contest

Feminine noun.

Root: mṛdh

Note: Indicates location.

तथा (tathā) - Introduces the second part of the question, regarding his own family. (similarly, likewise, thus)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the similarity or directness of the question. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Combined with 'tathā' as 'tathaiva'.

पुत्रपौत्राणाम् (putrapautrāṇām) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's direct descendants (Duryodhana and others). (of sons and grandsons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putrapautra

putrapautra - sons and grandsons, descendants

Dvandva compound.

Compound type : dvandva (putra+pautra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• pautra – grandson
  noun (masculine)
  derived from putra

Note: Possessive for implied 'gatiḥ'.

मम (mama) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's own lineage. (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Possessive for 'putrapautrāṇām'.

ये (ye) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons and grandsons. (who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'nihatāḥ'.

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - Died in the Kurukṣetra War. (killed, slain, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate for 'ye'.

युधि (yudhi) - The Kurukṣetra War. (in battle, in war, in fight)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

Feminine noun.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates location.