महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-36, verse-27

अपापाः पाण्डवा येन निकृताः पापबुद्धिना ।
घातिता पृथिवी चेयं सहसा सनरद्विपा ॥२७॥

27. apāpāḥ pāṇḍavā yena nikṛtāḥ pāpabuddhinā ,
ghātitā pṛthivī ceyaṁ sahasā sanaradvipā.

27. apāpāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ yena nikṛtāḥ pāpabuddhinā
ghātitā pṛthivī ca iyam sahasā sa-nara-dvipā

27. yena pāpabuddhinā apāpāḥ pāṇḍavāḥ nikṛtāḥ ca
iyam pṛthivī sahasā sa-nara-dvipā ghātitā

27. By whom the innocent Pāṇḍavas were treacherously wronged, and this entire earth, along with its people and elephants, was violently destroyed by that evil-minded one.

Words meanings summery:

• अपापाः (apāpāḥ) - The guiltless Pāṇḍavas. (sinless, innocent, faultless)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - The five sons of Pāṇḍu, central heroes of the Mahābhārata. (sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

• येन (yena) - By Duryodhana (implied agent of the harm). (by whom, by which)

• निकृताः (nikṛtāḥ) - The Pāṇḍavas were subjected to deceit and ill-treatment. (harmed, wronged, insulted, deceived)

• पापबुद्धिना (pāpabuddhinā) - By Duryodhana, who harbored malicious intentions. (by the evil-minded, by one with wicked intellect)

• घातिता (ghātitā) - The earth was brought to destruction. (killed, destroyed, made to perish)

• पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - The land/kingdom of the Kurus and surrounding regions. (earth, land, kingdom)

• च (ca) - Connects the two main clauses. (and, also)

• इयम् (iyam) - Refers to the specific earth/kingdom currently being spoken of. (this (feminine))

• सहसा (sahasā) - Emphasizes the destructive and sudden nature of the war. (forcibly, violently, suddenly, rashly)

• स-नर-द्विपा (sa-nara-dvipā) - The destruction involved all living beings, both humans and animals crucial for warfare. (along with men and elephants, including people and elephants)

Words meanings and morphology

अपापाः (apāpāḥ) - The guiltless Pāṇḍavas. (sinless, innocent, faultless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apāpa

apāpa - sinless, innocent, faultless

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'pāpa' (sin).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+pāpa)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• pāpa – sin, evil, bad
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Pāṇḍavas.

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - The five sons of Pāṇḍu, central heroes of the Mahābhārata. (sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, relating to Pāṇḍu

patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Subject of 'nikṛtāḥ'.

येन (yena) - By Duryodhana (implied agent of the harm). (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the agent of the actions.

निकृताः (nikṛtāḥ) - The Pāṇḍavas were subjected to deceit and ill-treatment. (harmed, wronged, insulted, deceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nikṛta

nikṛta - done, treated, wronged, deceived, humiliated

Past Passive Participle

From root √kṛ (to do) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicative adjective for Pāṇḍavas.

पापबुद्धिना (pāpabuddhinā) - By Duryodhana, who harbored malicious intentions. (by the evil-minded, by one with wicked intellect)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāpabuddhi

pāpabuddhi - evil-minded, having wicked intellect

Compound of 'pāpa' (sin) and 'buddhi' (intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+buddhi)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  adjective (neuter)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Describes the agent 'yena'.

घातिता (ghātitā) - The earth was brought to destruction. (killed, destroyed, made to perish)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ghātita

ghātita - killed, struck, destroyed (causative past passive participle)

Causative Past Passive Participle

From causative of root √han (to strike, kill), 'ghātayati' -> 'ghātita'.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'pṛthivī'.

पृथिवी (pṛthivī) - The land/kingdom of the Kurus and surrounding regions. (earth, land, kingdom)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land

Root: pṛth

Note: Subject of 'ghātitā'.

च (ca) - Connects the two main clauses. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

इयम् (iyam) - Refers to the specific earth/kingdom currently being spoken of. (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'pṛthivī'.

सहसा (sahasā) - Emphasizes the destructive and sudden nature of the war. (forcibly, violently, suddenly, rashly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ghātitā'.

स-नर-द्विपा (sa-nara-dvipā) - The destruction involved all living beings, both humans and animals crucial for warfare. (along with men and elephants, including people and elephants)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sanaradvipa

sanaradvipa - accompanied by men and elephants

Bahuvrīhi compound 'sa-nara-dvipa' (with men and elephants).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+nara+dvipa)

• sa – with, accompanied by, together with
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating 'with'
• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• dvipa – elephant (lit. 'twice-drinking')
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'pṛthivī'.