महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-36, verse-15

ततः कथान्ते व्यासस्तं प्रज्ञाचक्षुषमीश्वरम् ।
प्रोवाच वदतां श्रेष्ठः पुनरेव स तद्वचः ।
प्रीयमाणो महातेजाः सर्ववेदविदां वरः ॥१५॥

15. tataḥ kathānte vyāsastaṁ prajñācakṣuṣamīśvaram ,
provāca vadatāṁ śreṣṭhaḥ punareva sa tadvacaḥ ,
prīyamāṇo mahātejāḥ sarvavedavidāṁ varaḥ.

15. tataḥ kathā-ante vyāsaḥ tam prajñā-cakṣuṣam
īśvaram provāca vadatām śreṣṭhaḥ
punaḥ eva saḥ tat vacaḥ prīyamāṇaḥ
mahā-tejāḥ sarva-veda-vidām varaḥ

15. Thereafter, at the conclusion of the narrative, Vyasa – who was preeminent among speakers, greatly glorious, and the foremost among all who knew the Vedas – being pleased, spoke those very words again to Dhritarashtra, the lord (īśvara) who possessed spiritual insight (prajñā-cakṣus).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thereupon, then, thereafter, from that)

• कथा-अन्ते (kathā-ante) - at the conclusion of the narrative (at the end of the story/narrative)

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (Vyasa (name of a sage))

• तम् (tam) - him (Dhritarashtra) (him, that)

• प्रज्ञा-चक्षुषम् (prajñā-cakṣuṣam) - the one possessing spiritual insight (having the eye of wisdom, blind (lit. having wisdom as eye), one whose eye is wisdom)

• ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - the lord (lord, master, ruler, powerful one, God)

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke (spoke, said, declared)

• वदताम् (vadatām) - among speakers (of those speaking, among speakers)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - preeminent (best, most excellent, preeminent)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

• एव (eva) - indeed, very (only, indeed, just, precisely)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Vyasa) (he, that)

• तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, those)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (speech, word, utterance)

• प्रीयमाणः (prīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased (being pleased, delighted, rejoiced)

• महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly glorious (greatly radiant, highly glorious, mighty, having great energy)

• सर्व-वेद-विदाम् (sarva-veda-vidām) - of all who knew the Vedas (of all those who know the Vedas)

• वरः (varaḥ) - the foremost (best, excellent, choice, boon)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thereupon, then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun base ta-

कथा-अन्ते (kathā-ante) - at the conclusion of the narrative (at the end of the story/narrative)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kathā-anta

kathā-anta - end of a story, conclusion of a narrative

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kathā+anta)

• kathā – story, narrative, tale
  noun (feminine)
• anta – end, boundary, limit, conclusion
  noun (masculine)

Note: The 'e' ending represents the locative ending of the second part, anta.

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyasa (Vyasa (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyasa, the compiler (especially of the Vedas and Puranas)

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: as (class 2)

तम् (tam) - him (Dhritarashtra) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'.

प्रज्ञा-चक्षुषम् (prajñā-cakṣuṣam) - the one possessing spiritual insight (having the eye of wisdom, blind (lit. having wisdom as eye), one whose eye is wisdom)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prajñā-cakṣus

prajñā-cakṣus - having the eye of wisdom, whose vision is spiritual insight, one who is blind but has inner vision

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prajñā+cakṣus)

• prajñā – wisdom, insight, knowledge, spiritual insight
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• cakṣus – eye, sight, vision
  noun (neuter)

Note: Declines like a consonant stem. Qualifies Dhritarashtra.

ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - the lord (lord, master, ruler, powerful one, God)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, powerful one, God

Derived from root īś (to be master, to own)

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra.

प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke (spoke, said, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pra-vac

Perfect tense form

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular active, from root vac with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

वदताम् (vadatām) - among speakers (of those speaking, among speakers)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, telling

Present active participle

Present active participle from root vad (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Used here in the sense of 'among those who speak'.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - preeminent (best, most excellent, preeminent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal

Superlative degree from praśasya (excellent)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, furthermore)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, very (only, indeed, just, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizing particle.

सः (saḥ) - he (Vyasa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Nominative singular masculine of 'tad'.

तत् (tat) - those (words) (that, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Neuter accusative singular of 'tad', agreeing with 'vacaḥ' (speech/word) which is neuter.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (speech, word, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Declines like an s-stem neuter noun.

प्रीयमाणः (prīyamāṇaḥ) - being pleased (being pleased, delighted, rejoiced)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīyamāṇa

prīyamāṇa - being pleased, delighted, loving

Present middle participle

Present middle (śānac) participle from root prī (to please, love)

Root: prī (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Vyasa.

महा-तेजाः (mahā-tejāḥ) - greatly glorious (greatly radiant, highly glorious, mighty, having great energy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-tejas

mahā-tejas - having great splendor/glory/energy/power

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
  Stem form of mahant
• tejas – splendor, glory, energy, power, brilliance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Nominative singular of a Bahuvrīhi compound with a neuter s-stem as the final member.

सर्व-वेद-विदाम् (sarva-veda-vidām) - of all who knew the Vedas (of all those who know the Vedas)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva-veda-vid

sarva-veda-vid - knower of all Vedas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+veda+vid)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• veda – sacred knowledge, Veda
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural, describing 'of those who know all the Vedas'.

वरः (varaḥ) - the foremost (best, excellent, choice, boon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon, bridegroom

Derived from root vṛ (to choose, select)

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Vyasa, meaning he is the best of those who know all the Vedas.