महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-36, verse-26

किं तु तस्य सुदुर्बुद्धेर्मन्दस्यापनयैर्भृशम् ।
दूयते मे मनो नित्यं स्मरतः पुत्रगृद्धिनः ॥२६॥

26. kiṁ tu tasya sudurbuddhermandasyāpanayairbhṛśam ,
dūyate me mano nityaṁ smarataḥ putragṛddhinaḥ.

26. kim tu tasya sudurbuddheḥ mandasya apanayaiḥ bhṛśam
| dūyate me manaḥ nityam smarataḥ putra-gṛddhinaḥ

26. kim tu me manaḥ nityam dūyate tasya sudurbuddheḥ
mandasya putra-gṛddhinaḥ smarataḥ bhṛśam apanayaiḥ

26. But my mind is constantly tormented by the many wrongdoings of that exceedingly foolish and dull-witted one, as I remember him who is greedy for a son.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - but, however

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

• सुदुर्बुद्धेः (sudurbuddheḥ) - of the extremely evil-minded, of the very foolish

• मन्दस्य (mandasya) - of the dull, slow-witted, foolish one

• अपनयैः (apanayaiḥ) - by transgressions, by misdeeds, by wrongdoings

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, severely

• दूयते (dūyate) - is grieved, is tormented, is pained

• मे (me) - my, to me, for me

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• स्मरतः (smarataḥ) - as I remember him (remembering, thinking of)

• पुत्र-गृद्धिनः (putra-gṛddhinaḥ) - of him who is greedy for a son, desirous of a son

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - but, however

(indeclinable)

Often functions as an interrogative pronoun, but here used adverbially or as a conjunction.

Note: Used with 'tu' to form 'but, however'.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'kim' to form 'but, however'.

तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the person whose actions are causing grief.

सुदुर्बुद्धेः (sudurbuddheḥ) - of the extremely evil-minded, of the very foolish

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sudurbuddhi

sudurbuddhi - extremely evil-minded, very foolish, dull-witted

Compound: su- (very, exceedingly) + dur- (bad, evil) + buddhi (intellect, mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+dur+buddhi)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, mind, understanding, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From √budh (to know, perceive)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tasya'.

मन्दस्य (mandasya) - of the dull, slow-witted, foolish one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of manda

manda - dull, slow, foolish, weak, gentle, soft

Note: Modifies 'tasya'.

अपनयैः (apanayaiḥ) - by transgressions, by misdeeds, by wrongdoings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of apanaya

apanaya - transgression, misdeed, misdemeanor, wrong conduct

Noun of action

From apa-√nī (to lead away, to transgress)

Prefix: apa

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause of grief.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, severely

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'dūyate'.

दूयते (dūyate) - is grieved, is tormented, is pained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of dū

Present Indicative

From √dū (to burn, to pain), 4th class Atmanepada.

Root: dū (class 4)

मे (me) - my, to me, for me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic form of the first person pronoun.

Note: Possessive pronoun, 'my mind'.

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, heart, intellect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness, disposition

From √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'dūyate'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time, modifying 'dūyate'.

स्मरतः (smarataḥ) - as I remember him (remembering, thinking of)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of smarat

smarat - remembering, thinking of

Present Active Participle

From √smṛ (to remember), 1st class Parasmaipada.

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied agent of remembering (the speaker) whose mind is grieved.

पुत्र-गृद्धिनः (putra-gṛddhinaḥ) - of him who is greedy for a son, desirous of a son

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra-gṛddhin

putra-gṛddhin - greedy for a son, desirous of a son

Compound: putra (son) + gṛddhin (greedy, desirous)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+gṛddhin)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – greedy, covetous, desirous, longing for
  adjective (masculine)
  From √gṛdh (to desire, be greedy)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'tasya'.