महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-82, verse-10

तस्य शान्तिमकृत्वा तु त्यजेस्त्वं यदि जीवितम् ।
कर्मणा तेन पापेन पतेथा निरये ध्रुवम् ॥१०॥

10. tasya śāntimakṛtvā tu tyajestvaṁ yadi jīvitam ,
karmaṇā tena pāpena patethā niraye dhruvam.

10. tasya śāntim akṛtvā tu tyajet tvam yadi jīvitam
karmaṇā tena pāpena patethāḥ niraye dhruvam

10. yadi tvam tasya śāntim akṛtvā jīvitam tyajet
tu tena pāpena karmaṇā dhruvam niraye patethāḥ

10. If you abandon your life without having performed expiation for him (Bhīṣma), then by that sinful deed (karma) you would surely fall into hell.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - for him (for Bhīṣma) (for him, of him)

• शान्तिम् (śāntim) - expiation, pacification (peace, tranquility, cessation, expiation)

• अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without having performed (without having done, not having performed)

• तु (tu) - then, but (but, on the other hand, however)

• त्यजेत् (tyajet) - you abandon (conditional sense) (you should abandon, you should give up)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Arjuna) (you)

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, living)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by that sinful deed (karma) (by action, by deed, by (karma))

• तेन (tena) - by that (sinful deed) (by that (masculine/neuter instrumental))

• पापेन (pāpena) - by the sinful (deed) (by the sinful, by the evil)

• पतेथाः (patethāḥ) - you would fall

• निरये (niraye) - into hell (in hell, into hell)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (surely, certainly, permanently)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - for him (for Bhīṣma) (for him, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine genitive singular.

Note: Genitive case, here implying purpose or benefit ('for him').

शान्तिम् (śāntim) - expiation, pacification (peace, tranquility, cessation, expiation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, appeasement, expiation, cessation

From root `śam` (to be calm, cease).

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Object of `akṛtvā`.

अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - without having performed (without having done, not having performed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

`a` (negation) + root `kṛ` (to do, make) + `tvā` suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṛtvā)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• kṛtvā – having done, having made
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (gerund)
  From root `kṛ` (to do, make) + `tvā` suffix.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

तु (tu) - then, but (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

conjunction

त्यजेत् (tyajet) - you abandon (conditional sense) (you should abandon, you should give up)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of tyaj

Optative, 2nd Person, Singular

From root `tyaj` (to abandon), 1st class.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Arjuna) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

2nd person pronoun.

Note: Subject of `tyajet`.

यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

(indeclinable)

conjunction

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life (life, living)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, livelihood, living

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root `jīv` (to live)

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Object of `tyajet`.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by that sinful deed (karma) (by action, by deed, by (karma))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual action, (karma)

From root `kṛ` (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तेन (tena) - by that (sinful deed) (by that (masculine/neuter instrumental))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Instrumental singular (masculine or neuter).

पापेन (pāpena) - by the sinful (deed) (by the sinful, by the evil)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, evil, wicked; sin, evil

Note: Adjective modifying `karmaṇā`.

पतेथाः (patethāḥ) - you would fall

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pat

Optative, 2nd Person, Singular

From root `pat` (to fall), 1st class.

Root: pat (class 1)

निरये (niraye) - into hell (in hell, into hell)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niraya

niraya - hell, underworld, a place of punishment

`nis` (down, out) + root `i` (to go)

Compound type : pradi tatpuruṣa (nis+aya)

• nis – down, out, away
  indeclinable
  Verbal prefix.
• aya – going, course
  noun (masculine)
  from root `i` (to go)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Denotes destination.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (surely, certainly, permanently)

(indeclinable)

From root `dhru` (to be firm).

Root: dhru (class 1)