महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-76, verse-5

ततस्ते तु महावीर्या राजानः पर्यवारयन् ।
जिगीषन्तो नरव्याघ्राः पूर्वं विनिकृता युधि ॥५॥

5. tataste tu mahāvīryā rājānaḥ paryavārayan ,
jigīṣanto naravyāghrāḥ pūrvaṁ vinikṛtā yudhi.

5. tataḥ te tu mahāvīryāḥ rājānaḥ paryavārayan
jigīṣantaḥ naravyāghrāḥ pūrvam vinikṛtāḥ yudhi

5. Then, those greatly valorous kings, veritable tigers among men, who had previously been humiliated in battle, surrounded him, eager for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• ते (te) - those kings (those, they)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• महावीर्याः (mahāvīryāḥ) - greatly valorous, very powerful

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded

• जिगीषन्तः (jigīṣantaḥ) - desiring to conquer, wishing for victory

• नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tigers among men, excellent men, brave men

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

• विनिकृताः (vinikṛtāḥ) - humiliated, injured, insulted, wronged

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in combat

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'tad' used as an indeclinable

ते (te) - those kings (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the kings

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

particle

Note: Used for emphasis or contrast

महावीर्याः (mahāvīryāḥ) - greatly valorous, very powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - very powerful, greatly valorous, of great might

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• vīrya – valor, heroism, power, strength
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānaḥ'

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'paryavārayan'

पर्यवारयन् (paryavārayan) - surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paryavṛ

imperfect active 3rd plural

from root 'vṛ' (vari), 9th class, with prefixes 'pari' and 'ava'

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 9)

जिगीषन्तः (jigīṣantaḥ) - desiring to conquer, wishing for victory

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jigīṣat

jigīṣat - desiring to conquer, wishing for victory

desiderative present active participle

from desiderative stem of root 'ji' (to conquer) + 'śatṛ' suffix

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānaḥ'

नरव्याघ्राः (naravyāghrāḥ) - tigers among men, excellent men, brave men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, brave man

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Apposition to 'rājānaḥ'

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

neuter accusative singular used as an adverb

Note: Modifies 'vinikṛtāḥ'

विनिकृताः (vinikṛtāḥ) - humiliated, injured, insulted, wronged

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vinikṛta

vinikṛta - humiliated, injured, insulted, wronged, disgraced

past passive participle

from root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ni'

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'rājānaḥ'

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, combat

locative singular of 'yudh' (feminine noun)

Root: yudh (class 4)