महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-76, verse-29

तस्य शब्देन वित्रेसुर्भयार्ताश्च विदुद्रुवुः ।
मुमुचुश्चाश्रु शोकार्ताः सुषुपुश्चापि सैन्धवाः ॥२९॥

29. tasya śabdena vitresurbhayārtāśca vidudruvuḥ ,
mumucuścāśru śokārtāḥ suṣupuścāpi saindhavāḥ.

29. tasya śabdena vitresuḥ bhaya ārtaḥ ca vidudruvuḥ
mumucuḥ ca aśru śoka ārtaḥ ca api saindhavāḥ suṣupuḥ ca

29. tasya śabdena bhaya ārtaḥ ca vitresuḥ vidudruvuḥ
śoka ārtaḥ ca aśru mumucuḥ api saindhavāḥ suṣupuḥ

29. At his roar, those tormented by fear trembled and fled. Afflicted by sorrow, they shed tears, and even the Sindhu warriors became inert.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, by voice, by roar

• वित्रेसुः (vitresuḥ) - they trembled, they were terrified

• भय (bhaya) - fear, terror

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted by fear (afflicted, distressed, tormented)

• च (ca) - and, also

• विदुद्रुवुः (vidudruvuḥ) - they fled, they ran away

• मुमुचुः (mumucuḥ) - they released, they shed

• च (ca) - and, also

• अश्रु (aśru) - tear, tears

• शोक (śoka) - grief, sorrow, lamentation

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow (afflicted, distressed, tormented)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• सैन्धवाः (saindhavāḥ) - the Sindhu warriors, people from Sindhu

• सुषुपुः (suṣupuḥ) - they became inert due to fear/shock (they slept, they fainted, they became inert/unconscious)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, by voice, by roar

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, voice, roar

वित्रेसुः (vitresuḥ) - they trembled, they were terrified

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vitras

Prefix: vi

Root: tras (class 4)

भय (bhaya) - fear, terror

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, terror

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted by fear (afflicted, distressed, tormented)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārta

ārta - afflicted, distressed, tormented, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṛ + ta

Root: ṛ

Note: Second part of a tatpurusha compound 'bhaya-ārta' meaning 'afflicted by fear'. Declension agrees with the implied subjects of 'vitresuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विदुद्रुवुः (vidudruvuḥ) - they fled, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of vidru

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

मुमुचुः (mumucuḥ) - they released, they shed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of muc

Root: muc (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अश्रु (aśru) - tear, tears

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of aśru

aśru - tear, tears

शोक (śoka) - grief, sorrow, lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - grief, sorrow, lamentation

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - afflicted by sorrow (afflicted, distressed, tormented)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārta

ārta - afflicted, distressed, tormented, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ṛ + ta

Root: ṛ

Note: Second part of a tatpurusha compound 'śoka-ārta' meaning 'afflicted by sorrow'. Declension agrees with the implied subjects of 'mumucuḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

सैन्धवाः (saindhavāḥ) - the Sindhu warriors, people from Sindhu

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saindhava

saindhava - related to Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu, a horse from Sindhu, a type of salt

सुषुपुः (suṣupuḥ) - they became inert due to fear/shock (they slept, they fainted, they became inert/unconscious)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of svap

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: In battle context, implies collapsing or becoming inert/unconscious from shock/fear.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)