महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-43, verse-39

तस्माद्गुणांश्च तत्त्वं च परित्यज्येह तत्त्ववित् ।
क्षीणदोषो गुणान्हित्वा क्षेत्रज्ञं प्रविशत्यथ ॥३९॥

39. tasmādguṇāṁśca tattvaṁ ca parityajyeha tattvavit ,
kṣīṇadoṣo guṇānhitvā kṣetrajñaṁ praviśatyatha.

39. tasmāt guṇān ca tattvam ca parityajya iha tattvavit
kṣīṇadoṣaḥ guṇān hitvā kṣetrajñam praviśati atha

39. tasmāt iha tattvavit guṇān ca tattvam ca parityajya
kṣīṇadoṣaḥ guṇān hitvā atha kṣetrajñam praviśati

39. Therefore, the knower of reality, having abandoned the constituents of nature and (all other) fundamental principles in this world, with all imperfections diminished, then truly gives up the constituents of nature and merges into the knower of the field (kṣetrajña).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that

• गुणान् (guṇān) - the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) (the qualities, the constituents of nature)

• च (ca) - and

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the fundamental principles or categories of nature (like mahat, ahaṅkāra, etc. in Sāṃkhya) (reality, principle, truth, fundamental element)

• च (ca) - and

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having renounced or transcended the guṇas and tattvas (having abandoned, having given up completely)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• तत्त्ववित् (tattvavit) - one who has realized the ultimate truth about the categories of existence (knower of reality, knower of truth)

• क्षीणदोषः (kṣīṇadoṣaḥ) - one who has eradicated imperfections or impurities (one whose faults are diminished/destroyed)

• गुणान् (guṇān) - the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) (the qualities, the constituents of nature)

• हित्वा (hitvā) - finally relinquishing attachment to the guṇas (having given up, having abandoned, having renounced)

• क्षेत्रज्ञम् (kṣetrajñam) - the puruṣa, the ultimate conscious Self (the knower of the field, the conscious observer)

• प्रविशति (praviśati) - merges into, realizes identity with (enters, penetrates, comes into)

• अथ (atha) - indicating a sequence of events, 'after that' (then, thereupon, now)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of 'tad' used as an adverb

गुणान् (guṇān) - the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) (the qualities, the constituents of nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas), strand

Note: Object of 'parityajya' and 'hitvā'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the fundamental principles or categories of nature (like mahat, ahaṅkāra, etc. in Sāṃkhya) (reality, principle, truth, fundamental element)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - reality, principle, truth, fundamental element, category of existence

Note: Object of 'parityajya'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having renounced or transcended the guṇas and tattvas (having abandoned, having given up completely)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from prefix 'pari' + root 'tyaj' (to abandon) + -ya suffix

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

तत्त्ववित् (tattvavit) - one who has realized the ultimate truth about the categories of existence (knower of reality, knower of truth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tattvavid

tattvavid - knower of reality, knower of truth, philosopher

Compound: tattva (reality) + vid (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+vid)

• tattva – reality, principle, truth
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence

क्षीणदोषः (kṣīṇadoṣaḥ) - one who has eradicated imperfections or impurities (one whose faults are diminished/destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇadoṣa

kṣīṇadoṣa - one whose faults are diminished/destroyed

Compound: kṣīṇa (diminished) + doṣa (fault)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣīṇa+doṣa)

• kṣīṇa – diminished, wasted, destroyed, exhausted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṣi' (to decay, to waste away)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)
• doṣa – fault, defect, imperfection, sin
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tattvavit'

गुणान् (guṇān) - the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) (the qualities, the constituents of nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of nature (sattva, rajas, tamas), strand

Note: Object of 'hitvā'

हित्वा (hitvā) - finally relinquishing attachment to the guṇas (having given up, having abandoned, having renounced)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'hā' (to abandon, relinquish) + -tvā suffix

Root: hā (class 3)

क्षेत्रज्ञम् (kṣetrajñam) - the puruṣa, the ultimate conscious Self (the knower of the field, the conscious observer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field, the conscious observer, soul, spirit

Compound: kṣetra (field/body) + jña (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, body, sacred place, realm
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'praviśati', indicating the state attained

प्रविशति (praviśati) - merges into, realizes identity with (enters, penetrates, comes into)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (Laṭ) of praviś

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

अथ (atha) - indicating a sequence of events, 'after that' (then, thereupon, now)

(indeclinable)