महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-43, verse-16

धर्मकामाश्च राजानो ब्राह्मणा धर्मलक्षणाः ।
तस्माद्राजा द्विजातीनां प्रयतेतेह रक्षणे ॥१६॥

16. dharmakāmāśca rājāno brāhmaṇā dharmalakṣaṇāḥ ,
tasmādrājā dvijātīnāṁ prayateteha rakṣaṇe.

16. dharmakāmāḥ ca rājānaḥ brāhmaṇāḥ dharmalakṣaṇāḥ
tasmāt rājā dvijātīnām prayateta iha rakṣaṇe

16. rājānaḥ ca dharmakāmāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ dharmalakṣaṇāḥ
tasmāt rājā iha dvijātīnām rakṣaṇe prayateta

16. Kings are desirous of righteousness (dharma) and Brahmins are marked by righteousness (dharma). Therefore, the king should strive for the protection of the twice-born (dvija) here in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मकामाः (dharmakāmāḥ) - desirous of righteousness, intent on duty

• च (ca) - and

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• धर्मलक्षणाः (dharmalakṣaṇāḥ) - marked by righteousness, characterized by duty

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (dvija), referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas, but typically Brahmins in this context. (of the twice-born)

• प्रयतेत (prayateta) - should strive, should endeavor, should exert oneself

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• रक्षणे (rakṣaṇe) - in protection, for the protection

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मकामाः (dharmakāmāḥ) - desirous of righteousness, intent on duty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmakāma

dharmakāma - desirous of righteousness (dharma), longing for virtue

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+kāma)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, longing, love
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings, rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin (member of the priestly class), one versed in the Vedas

धर्मलक्षणाः (dharmalakṣaṇāḥ) - marked by righteousness, characterized by duty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmalakṣaṇa

dharmalakṣaṇa - having righteousness (dharma) as a characteristic, distinguished by virtue

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+lakṣaṇa)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic, attribute
  noun (neuter)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (dvija), referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas, but typically Brahmins in this context. (of the twice-born)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a Brahmin, a Kshatriya, a Vaishya, or a bird, a tooth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, species, caste
  noun (feminine)

प्रयतेत (prayateta) - should strive, should endeavor, should exert oneself

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of yat

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

रक्षणे (rakṣaṇe) - in protection, for the protection

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rakṣaṇa

rakṣaṇa - protecting, guarding, preserving, protection, defense