महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-43, verse-36

पुरुषस्तद्विजानीते तस्मात्क्षेत्रज्ञ उच्यते ।
गुणवृत्तं तथा कृत्स्नं क्षेत्रज्ञः परिपश्यति ॥३६॥

36. puruṣastadvijānīte tasmātkṣetrajña ucyate ,
guṇavṛttaṁ tathā kṛtsnaṁ kṣetrajñaḥ paripaśyati.

36. puruṣaḥ tat vijānīte tasmāt kṣetrajñaḥ ucyate
guṇavṛttam tathā kṛtsnam kṣetrajñaḥ paripaśyati

36. puruṣaḥ tat vijānīte.
tasmāt (saḥ) kṣetrajñaḥ ucyate.
tathā kṣetrajñaḥ kṛtsnam guṇavṛttam paripaśyati.

36. The cosmic person (puruṣa) knows that (field), and therefore he is called the knower of the field (kṣetrajña). Thus, the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) fully perceives the entire activity of the qualities (guṇas).

Words meanings summery:

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the cosmic person (puruṣa) (man, person, human being; the Supreme Being, the cosmic person (puruṣa))

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the field/prakṛti from previous verse) (that, it)

• विजानीते (vijānīte) - knows (knows, understands, discerns)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field, the soul, the individual self (puruṣa))

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is called, is said, is spoken of)

• गुणवृत्तम् (guṇavṛttam) - the activity of the qualities (guṇas) (the activity of the qualities, the modifications of the guṇas)

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, similarly)

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (whole, entire, complete, all)

• क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field, the soul, the individual self (puruṣa))

• परिपश्यति (paripaśyati) - fully perceives (sees completely, perceives fully, observes thoroughly)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the cosmic person (puruṣa) (man, person, human being; the Supreme Being, the cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being; the Supreme Being, the cosmic person, the conscious principle (in Sāṅkhya)

Note: Subject of `vijānīte`.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the field/prakṛti from previous verse) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Accusative singular neuter of 'tad'

Note: Object of `vijānīte`.

विजानीते (vijānīte) - knows (knows, understands, discerns)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vijñā

Present Indicative

From vi-√jñā (to know)

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Third person singular present middle.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad'

Note: Adverbial use.

क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field, the soul, the individual self (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field; the soul, the individual self (puruṣa)

Compound of kṣetra (field) + jña (knower)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, land, body
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  From √jñā (to know) + a
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject for `ucyate` and `paripaśyati`.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is called, is said, is spoken of)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vac

Present Indicative

From √vac (to speak); passive form

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Third person singular present passive.

गुणवृत्तम् (guṇavṛttam) - the activity of the qualities (guṇas) (the activity of the qualities, the modifications of the guṇas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of guṇavṛtta

guṇavṛtta - activity of the qualities, modifications of the guṇas

Compound of guṇa (quality) + vṛtta (activity, course)

Compound type : tatpurusha (guṇa+vṛtta)

• guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent (of prakṛti)
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtta – activity, course, conduct, modification
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vṛt (to turn, exist) + kta
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of `paripaśyati`.

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (whole, entire, complete, all)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, complete, all, perfect

Note: Agrees with `guṇavṛttam`.

क्षेत्रज्ञः (kṣetrajñaḥ) - the knower of the field (kṣetrajña) (knower of the field, the soul, the individual self (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣetrajña

kṣetrajña - knower of the field; the soul, the individual self (puruṣa)

Compound of kṣetra (field) + jña (knower)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣetra+jña)

• kṣetra – field, land, body
  noun (neuter)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  From √jñā (to know) + a
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of `paripaśyati`.

परिपश्यति (paripaśyati) - fully perceives (sees completely, perceives fully, observes thoroughly)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of paripaś

Present Indicative

From pari-√dṛś (to see), with `paśya` stem in present tense

Prefix: pari

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Third person singular present active.