महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-43, verse-12

राजाधिराजः सर्वासां विष्णुर्ब्रह्ममयो महान् ।
ईश्वरं तं विजानीमः स विभुः स प्रजापतिः ॥१२॥

12. rājādhirājaḥ sarvāsāṁ viṣṇurbrahmamayo mahān ,
īśvaraṁ taṁ vijānīmaḥ sa vibhuḥ sa prajāpatiḥ.

12. rājādhirājaḥ sarvāsām viṣṇuḥ brahmamayaḥ mahān
īśvaram tam vijānīmaḥ sa vibhuḥ sa prajāpatiḥ

12. viṣṇuḥ sarvāsām rājādhirājaḥ brahmamayaḥ mahān (asti).
tam īśvaram vijānīmaḥ.
sa vibhuḥ.
sa prajāpatiḥ (ca asti).

12. Viṣṇu, the great one pervaded by (brahman), is the king of kings of all (beings). We understand Him to be the supreme Lord; He is the all-pervading, and He is the lord of creation (prajāpati).

Words meanings summery:

• राजाधिराजः (rājādhirājaḥ) - The ultimate sovereign ruler over all other kings and entities. (king of kings, supreme monarch, emperor)

• सर्वासाम् (sarvāsām) - Pertaining to all (beings or categories previously mentioned implicitly). The feminine genitive plural suggests it refers to things like `prajā` (creatures, feminine) or `diś` (directions, feminine). Given the preceding context, "of all beings/creatures" is appropriate. (of all, of all females/feminine nouns)

• विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - The Supreme Deity, Viṣṇu. (Viṣṇu)

• ब्रह्ममयः (brahmamayaḥ) - Entirely composed of or filled with the essence of (brahman). (consisting of (brahman), pervaded by (brahman))

• महान् (mahān) - Describing Viṣṇu's supreme and expansive nature. (great, mighty, vast, supreme)

• ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - The supreme controller of the universe. (the lord, master, controller)

• तम् (tam) - Refers back to Viṣṇu. (him, that)

• विजानीमः (vijānīmaḥ) - Collective declaration of understanding about Viṣṇu's nature. (we know, we understand, we recognize)

• स (sa) - Refers to Viṣṇu, introducing another attribute. (he, that)

• विभुः (vibhuḥ) - An attribute of Viṣṇu, signifying His omnipresence and supreme authority. (all-pervading, omnipresent, lord, sovereign)

• स (sa) - Refers to Viṣṇu, introducing the final attribute. (he, that)

• प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - The ultimate lord and master of all created beings, attributed to Viṣṇu. (lord of creation, progenitor, creator)

Words meanings and morphology

राजाधिराजः (rājādhirājaḥ) - The ultimate sovereign ruler over all other kings and entities. (king of kings, supreme monarch, emperor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājādhirāja

rājādhirāja - king of kings, supreme monarch, emperor.

Compound of `rājan` (king) and `adhirāja` (overlord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+adhirāja)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• adhirāja – sovereign, paramount ruler, emperor
  noun (masculine)
  From `adhi` (over) and `rājan` (king).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: rāj (class 1)

सर्वासाम् (sarvāsām) - Pertaining to all (beings or categories previously mentioned implicitly). The feminine genitive plural suggests it refers to things like `prajā` (creatures, feminine) or `diś` (directions, feminine). Given the preceding context, "of all beings/creatures" is appropriate. (of all, of all females/feminine nouns)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire.

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to `prajānām` or similar feminine plural noun implicitly.

विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - The Supreme Deity, Viṣṇu. (Viṣṇu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Viṣṇu (a major Hindu deity).

Root: viṣ (class 6)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

ब्रह्ममयः (brahmamayaḥ) - Entirely composed of or filled with the essence of (brahman). (consisting of (brahman), pervaded by (brahman))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmamaya

brahmamaya - consisting of (brahman), full of (brahman), made of (brahman).

From `brahman` + suffix `mayaṭ`.

Note: Null in gender for `brahman` itself as it's neuter, but `brahmamaya` takes the gender of the noun it modifies (Viṣṇu, masculine).

महान् (mahān) - Describing Viṣṇu's supreme and expansive nature. (great, mighty, vast, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, mighty, eminent, important.

Adjective.

Note: Describes Viṣṇu.

ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - The supreme controller of the universe. (the lord, master, controller)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, controller; powerful, capable; God.

From root `īś` (to rule, to be master of) with suffix `vara`.

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of `vijānīmaḥ`.

तम् (tam) - Refers back to Viṣṇu. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it.

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Viṣṇu.

विजानीमः (vijānīmaḥ) - Collective declaration of understanding about Viṣṇu's nature. (we know, we understand, we recognize)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present indicative (lat) of vijñā

Present Active Indicative

From `vi` (apart) + root `jñā` (to know), 9th class.

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Null in gender and case for verbs.

स (sa) - Refers to Viṣṇu, introducing another attribute. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it.

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Predicate for Vibhu.

विभुः (vibhuḥ) - An attribute of Viṣṇu, signifying His omnipresence and supreme authority. (all-pervading, omnipresent, lord, sovereign)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, omnipresent, mighty, powerful, lord, sovereign.

From `vi` (apart, extensively) + root `bhū` (to be, to exist).

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Viṣṇu.

स (sa) - Refers to Viṣṇu, introducing the final attribute. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it.

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Predicate for Prajāpati.

प्रजापतिः (prajāpatiḥ) - The ultimate lord and master of all created beings, attributed to Viṣṇu. (lord of creation, progenitor, creator)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajāpati

prajāpati - lord of creation, progenitor, creator; a title applied to Brahmā, Kaśyapa, etc.

Compound of `prajā` (creatures) and `pati` (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajā+pati)

• prajā – progeny, offspring, creatures, subjects, people.
  noun (feminine)
  From `pra` (forth) + root `jan` (to be born).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jan (class 4)
• pati – lord, master, husband, owner, ruler.
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Refers to Viṣṇu.