महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-43, verse-1

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
मनुष्याणां तु राजन्यः क्षत्रियो मध्यमो गुणः ।
कुञ्जरो वाहनानां च सिंहश्चारण्यवासिनाम् ॥१॥

1. brahmovāca ,
manuṣyāṇāṁ tu rājanyaḥ kṣatriyo madhyamo guṇaḥ ,
kuñjaro vāhanānāṁ ca siṁhaścāraṇyavāsinām.

1. brahmā uvāca manuṣyāṇām tu rājanyaḥ kṣatriyaḥ madhyamaḥ
guṇaḥ kuñjaraḥ vāhanānām ca siṃhaḥ ca āraṇyavāsinām

1. brahmā uvāca manuṣyāṇām tu rājanyaḥ kṣatriyaḥ madhyamaḥ
guṇaḥ vāhanānām ca kuñjaraḥ āraṇyavāsinām ca siṃhaḥ

1. Brahmā said: "Among humans, the kṣatriya (rājanya) class is indeed preeminent; an elephant among mounts, and a lion among forest dwellers."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā, the creator deity

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, among humans

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

• राजन्यः (rājanyaḥ) - a royal person, of the royal class

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a warrior, a member of the kṣatriya (warrior/ruling) class

• मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - principal, prominent (in context of list of excellences) (middle, intermediate, principal, prominent)

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - characteristic, type (of human) (quality, virtue, characteristic, type, class)

• कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - an elephant

• वाहनानाम् (vāhanānām) - of mounts, among vehicles

• च (ca) - and

• सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion

• च (ca) - and

• आरण्यवासिनाम् (āraṇyavāsinām) - of forest dwellers, among forest dwellers

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahmā, the creator deity

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator deity); a Brahmin; the ultimate reality (brahman)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd singular active of vac (Root 2.1)

Root: vac (class 2)

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, among humans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - a human being, man

Note: Used with a sense of 'among'.

तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

(indeclinable)

राजन्यः (rājanyaḥ) - a royal person, of the royal class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājanya

rājanya - of royal lineage, royal, a kṣatriya

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a warrior, a member of the kṣatriya (warrior/ruling) class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class

Note: Used as an apposition to rājanyaḥ, clarifying its meaning.

मध्यमः (madhyamaḥ) - principal, prominent (in context of list of excellences) (middle, intermediate, principal, prominent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyama

madhyama - middle, intermediate, central, principal

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - characteristic, type (of human) (quality, virtue, characteristic, type, class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, characteristic, virtue, constituent element

कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - an elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - an elephant

वाहनानाम् (vāhanānām) - of mounts, among vehicles

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of vāhana

vāhana - a vehicle, a conveyance, a mount

Note: Used with a sense of 'among'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सिंहः (siṁhaḥ) - a lion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - a lion

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आरण्यवासिनाम् (āraṇyavāsinām) - of forest dwellers, among forest dwellers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āraṇyavāsin

āraṇyavāsin - a forest dweller

Note: Used with a sense of 'among'.