महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-43, verse-25

तस्माज्ज्ञानं पुरस्कृत्य संन्यसेदिह बुद्धिमान् ।
संन्यासी ज्ञानसंयुक्तः प्राप्नोति परमां गतिम् ।
अतीतोऽद्वंद्वमभ्येति तमोमृत्युजरातिगम् ॥२५॥

25. tasmājjñānaṁ puraskṛtya saṁnyasediha buddhimān ,
saṁnyāsī jñānasaṁyuktaḥ prāpnoti paramāṁ gatim ,
atīto'dvaṁdvamabhyeti tamomṛtyujarātigam.

25. tasmāt jñānam puraskṛtya saṃnyaset
iha buddhimān saṃnyāsī jñānasaṃyuktaḥ
prāpnoti parām gatim atītaḥ
advandvam abhyeti tamomṛtyujarātigam

25. tasmāt buddhimān iha jñānam puraskṛtya
saṃnyaset jñānasaṃyuktaḥ saṃnyāsī
parām gatim prāpnoti atītaḥ
tamomṛtyujarātigam advandvam abhyeti

25. Therefore, an intelligent person should embrace the path of renunciation (saṃnyāsa) in this world, prioritizing knowledge (jñāna). A renunciant (saṃnyāsī) who is endowed with knowledge attains the supreme destination. Such a one, having transcended all dualities, reaches a state beyond darkness (ignorance), death, and old age.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, wisdom

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made knowledge foremost (having placed in front, having honored, having made principal, having adopted)

• संन्यसेत् (saṁnyaset) - one should embrace the path of renunciation (one should renounce, one should give up entirely)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise, discerning person

• संन्यासी (saṁnyāsī) - a practitioner of saṃnyāsa (renunciant, ascetic, one who has renounced)

• ज्ञानसंयुक्तः (jñānasaṁyuktaḥ) - endowed with knowledge, connected with knowledge

• प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains, reaches, obtains

• पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, ultimate

• गतिम् (gatim) - ultimate spiritual destination (state, destination, path, movement)

• अतीतः (atītaḥ) - one who has transcended (transcended, gone beyond, past)

• अद्वन्द्वम् (advandvam) - duality-free, without dualities, non-duality

• अभ्येति (abhyeti) - approaches, attains, reaches

• तमोमृत्युजरातिगम् (tamomṛtyujarātigam) - transcending darkness (ignorance), death, and old age

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative of tat (that) used as an indeclinable

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge, wisdom

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, awareness, understanding

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Also nominative singular neuter. Context implies object.

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having made knowledge foremost (having placed in front, having honored, having made principal, having adopted)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from kṛ (to do) with puras (in front, before)

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

संन्यसेत् (saṁnyaset) - one should embrace the path of renunciation (one should renounce, one should give up entirely)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of saṃnyas

optative

3rd person singular optative active of root as (to throw) with prefixes sam + ni

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: as (class 4)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

बुद्धिमान् (buddhimān) - intelligent, wise, discerning person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of buddhimat

buddhimat - intelligent, wise, discerning, possessed of understanding

possessive suffix -mat

Note: Can also be used as a noun meaning 'intelligent person'.

संन्यासी (saṁnyāsī) - a practitioner of saṃnyāsa (renunciant, ascetic, one who has renounced)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃnyāsin

saṁnyāsin - renunciant, ascetic, one who has renounced

agent noun from saṃnyas (to renounce)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: as (class 4)

ज्ञानसंयुक्तः (jñānasaṁyuktaḥ) - endowed with knowledge, connected with knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñānasaṃyukta

jñānasaṁyukta - endowed with knowledge, joined with knowledge

Bahuvrihi compound 'jñāna' (knowledge) and 'saṃyukta' (joined, connected)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jñāna+saṃyukta)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• saṃyukta – joined, connected, endowed with, united
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from yuj (to join) with sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'saṃnyāsī'.

प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains, reaches, obtains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp

present

3rd person singular present active of root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest, ultimate

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parā

parā - supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent, farthest

Note: Qualifies 'gatim'.

गतिम् (gatim) - ultimate spiritual destination (state, destination, path, movement)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - state, destination, path, movement, going

from gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

अतीतः (atītaḥ) - one who has transcended (transcended, gone beyond, past)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atīta

atīta - transcended, gone beyond, past, gone

Past Passive Participle

from i (to go) with ati

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies an implied subject (the renunciant).

अद्वन्द्वम् (advandvam) - duality-free, without dualities, non-duality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of advandva

advandva - without dualities, non-duality, a state free from pairs of opposites

Negation (a-) of dvandva (duality)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dvandva)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• dvandva – duality, pair, couple, conflict
  noun (neuter)

Note: Also nominative singular neuter. Context implies object of 'abhyeti'.

अभ्येति (abhyeti) - approaches, attains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of abhyeti

present

3rd person singular present active of root i (to go) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

तमोमृत्युजरातिगम् (tamomṛtyujarātigam) - transcending darkness (ignorance), death, and old age

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamomṛtyujarātiga

tamomṛtyujarātiga - going beyond darkness, death, and old age

Bahuvrihi compound: tamas (darkness) + mṛtyu (death) + jarā (old age) + atiga (going beyond)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tamas+mṛtyu+jarā+atiga)

• tamas – darkness, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• jarā – old age, decay
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• atiga – going beyond, transcending
  adjective (masculine)
  from gam (to go) with ati
  Prefix: ati
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'advandvam'.