महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-36, verse-9

प्रवृत्त्यात्मकमेवाहू रजः पर्यायकारकम् ।
प्रवृत्तं सर्वभूतेषु दृश्यतोत्पत्तिलक्षणम् ॥९॥

9. pravṛttyātmakamevāhū rajaḥ paryāyakārakam ,
pravṛttaṁ sarvabhūteṣu dṛśyatotpattilakṣaṇam.

9. pravṛttyā-ātmakam eva āhuḥ rajaḥ paryāya-kārakam
| pravṛttam sarva-bhūteṣu dṛśyata utpatti-lakṣaṇam

9. They declare that `rajas` (the quality of passion) is characterized by activity and causes transformation. It manifests in all beings, observable through the characteristic of generation.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रवृत्त्या-आत्मकम् (pravṛttyā-ātmakam) - characterized by activity, having the nature of activity

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

• रजः (rajaḥ) - the quality of passion (rajas) (dust, gloom, passion, the quality of passion (rajas))

• पर्याय-कारकम् (paryāya-kārakam) - causing transformation, causing change

• प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - manifested, active, engaged, begun

• सर्व-भूतेषु (sarva-bhūteṣu) - in all beings, in all creatures

• दृश्यत (dṛśyata) - it is seen, it appears, it is visible

• उत्पत्ति-लक्षणम् (utpatti-lakṣaṇam) - the characteristic of origin/production, having origin as a mark

Words meanings and morphology

प्रवृत्त्या-आत्मकम् (pravṛttyā-ātmakam) - characterized by activity, having the nature of activity

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pravṛttyā-ātmaka

pravṛttyā-ātmaka - characterized by activity, having the nature of activity

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pravṛtti+ātmaka)

• pravṛtti – activity, action, manifestation, course
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of, characterized by
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from `ātman` with suffix `ka`

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they state

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of ah

Irregular verb; 3rd person plural present active

Root: ah

रजः (rajaḥ) - the quality of passion (rajas) (dust, gloom, passion, the quality of passion (rajas))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, gloom, passion, the quality of passion (rajas) in Sāṅkhya philosophy

पर्याय-कारकम् (paryāya-kārakam) - causing transformation, causing change

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paryāya-kāraka

paryāya-kāraka - causing transformation, causing change, causing alternation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paryāya+kāraka)

• paryāya – turn, alternation, transformation, sequence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: pari+ā
  Root: i (class 2)
• kāraka – causing, making, doing; a doer, a cause
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root `kṛ` + `ṇvul` (aka `aka`) suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - manifested, active, engaged, begun

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - manifested, active, engaged, begun

Past Passive Participle

From root `vṛt` with `pra` prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective, 'manifested'.

सर्व-भूतेषु (sarva-bhūteṣu) - in all beings, in all creatures

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarva-bhūta

sarva-bhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, what has been
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhū`
  Root: bhū (class 1)

दृश्यत (dṛśyata) - it is seen, it appears, it is visible

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

उत्पत्ति-लक्षणम् (utpatti-lakṣaṇam) - the characteristic of origin/production, having origin as a mark

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utpatti-lakṣaṇa

utpatti-lakṣaṇa - the characteristic of origin/production, having origin as a mark

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (utpatti+lakṣaṇa)

• utpatti – origin, production, birth, generation
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: pad (class 4)
• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic, definition
  noun (neuter)
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)