महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-36, verse-12

संमोहोऽज्ञानमत्यागः कर्मणामविनिर्णयः ।
स्वप्नः स्तम्भो भयं लोभः शोकः सुकृतदूषणम् ॥१२॥

12. saṁmoho'jñānamatyāgaḥ karmaṇāmavinirṇayaḥ ,
svapnaḥ stambho bhayaṁ lobhaḥ śokaḥ sukṛtadūṣaṇam.

12. saṃmohaḥ ajñānam atyāgaḥ karmaṇām avinirṇayaḥ |
svapnaḥ stambhaḥ bhayam lobhaḥ śokaḥ sukṛta-dūṣaṇam

12. Delusion, ignorance, non-renunciation of actions, indecision regarding actions, sleep, stupor, fear, greed, sorrow, and the defilement of good deeds are among the characteristics of `tamas` (the quality of darkness/inertia).

Words meanings summery:

• संमोहः (saṁmohaḥ) - complete delusion, bewilderment, infatuation

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance, nescience, absence of knowledge

• अत्यागः (atyāgaḥ) - non-abandonment, non-renunciation

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

• अविनिर्णयः (avinirṇayaḥ) - indecision, lack of determination, want of decision

• स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - sleep, dream

• स्तम्भः (stambhaḥ) - stupor, rigidity (pillar, post, stiffness, stupor, paralysis)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, terror

• लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, covetousness, desire

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

• सुकृत-दूषणम् (sukṛta-dūṣaṇam) - the defilement of good deeds, spoiling of virtue

Words meanings and morphology

संमोहः (saṁmohaḥ) - complete delusion, bewilderment, infatuation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃmoha

saṁmoha - complete delusion, bewilderment, infatuation

Prefix: sam

Root: muh (class 4)

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance, nescience, absence of knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, absence of knowledge

Negative prefix `a` + `jñāna`

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root `jñā`
  Root: jñā (class 9)

अत्यागः (atyāgaḥ) - non-abandonment, non-renunciation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atyāga

atyāga - non-abandonment, non-renunciation

Negative prefix `a` + `tyāga`

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tyāga)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From root `tyaj`
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)

From root `kṛ`

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अविनिर्णयः (avinirṇayaḥ) - indecision, lack of determination, want of decision

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avinirṇaya

avinirṇaya - indecision, lack of determination, want of decision

Negative prefix `a` + `vinirṇaya`

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vinirṇaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vinirṇaya – decision, determination, ascertainment
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ṇī` with `vi` and `nir` prefixes
  Prefixes: vi+nir
  Root: ṇī (class 1)

स्वप्नः (svapnaḥ) - sleep, dream

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - sleep, dream

From root `svap`

Root: svap (class 2)

स्तम्भः (stambhaḥ) - stupor, rigidity (pillar, post, stiffness, stupor, paralysis)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of stambha

stambha - pillar, post, stiffness, stupor, paralysis, immobility

From root `stambh`

Root: stambh (class 5)

भयम् (bhayam) - fear, dread, terror

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, terror

From root `bhī`

Root: bhī (class 3)

लोभः (lobhaḥ) - greed, covetousness, desire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, desire

From root `lubh`

Root: lubh (class 4)

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief, lamentation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

From root `śuc`

Root: śuc (class 1)

सुकृत-दूषणम् (sukṛta-dūṣaṇam) - the defilement of good deeds, spoiling of virtue

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukṛta-dūṣaṇa

sukṛta-dūṣaṇa - the defilement of good deeds, spoiling of virtue

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukṛta+dūṣaṇa)

• sukṛta – good deed, virtue, merit
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ` with prefix `su`
  Prefix: su
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• dūṣaṇa – defiling, spoiling, corrupting; a defect, blemish
  noun (neuter)
  agent noun
  From root `dūṣ`
  Root: dūṣ (class 10)